Evaluation Of Eco-Vulnerability In Typical World Cultural Heritage Areas In China

Cultural heritage mainly includes cultural relics,architectural complexes and ruins.It inherits the production and life styles,science and technology,culture and art,and historical information of ancient human beings.It is a precious spiritual and material wealth left by human history.As one of the world's four ancient civilizations,China has 36 world cultural heritages and 4 world cultural & natural heritages listed in the World Heritage List until July 2018,which ranks second in heritage directories around world.Due to its outstanding aesthetic value and profound historical connotation,the world cultural heritages have become an important development target of the tourism industry in China.These cultural heritages often influenced both-sided by the rapid development of domestic tourism.On one hand,the development of tourism has increased the popularity of China's cultural heritages and improved the development of local economic.On the other hand,the development of tourism may lead to serious problems such as excessive tourism reception,misplaced development and environmental pollution within and outside the cultural heritage.The development and utilization of the surrounding land of cultural heritage is increasing,and various ecological and environmental problems are constantly emerging.As one of the key factors to measure the health of ecosystems,eco-vulnerability reflects the ability of ecosystems to respond and recover from human activities and natural factors.In order to coordinate the contradiction between the development and protection of the surrounding environment of the world cultural heritages and to maintain the sustainable development of the surrounding areas of the heritages,it is necessary to evaluate the ecoenvironment vulnerability of the world cultural heritage scientifically and reasonably.By adopting a feasible method of dynamically monitoring the eco-environment vulnerability of the cultural heritages,it provides a scientific theoretical basis for the rational development and protection of the cultural heritages.In this paper,we discuss the assessment methods of eco-environment vulnerability of typical world cultural heritages in China for the protection of cultural heritage and sustainable development.The main research contents are as follows:Firstly,in order to solve the problem in cultural heritage protection and sustainable development,several representative world cultural heritages as the research areas according to the criteria of China's geographical division standard are chosen in this paper.The multiperiod land use datasets of the study areas are collected.Land use indexes such as comprehensive land use intensity,vegetation coverage,and landscape pattern index are calculated.Secondly,according to the VSD(vulnerability scoping diagram)eco-vulnerability assessment framework,the natural environment indexes,land use change indexes and socioeconomic indexes are selected and calculated.According to the situation of the study area,the analytic hierarchy process is used to calculate the weight of different evaluation factors.After calculating the weights of evaluation indexes,the evaluation model of ecoenvironment vulnerability can be constructed.Finally,the eco-vulnerability of research areas is evaluated and analyzed.Reasonable development and protection suggestions are proposed for the environment protection of cultural heritages.