Preparation And Application Of Functional Composite Nanofiber Materials By Electrospinning Technology

In today's world,the economy is developing rapidly and the quality of life is rising,but the following environmental problems,such as air pollution and water pollution,which have caused widespread concern.Air pollution and water pollution have caused widespread concern,including solid particulate matter?PM2.5?pollution and industrial wastewater.The comprehensive governance problem has become an urgent problem for the world's environmental science community.PM2.5 will cause irreversible damage to people's health,so solid particulate pollution has become an urgent problem to be solved.At present,the filtration efficiency of common commercial masks for PM2.5 is generally less than 15%.3M masks were expensive and have poor air permeability,and gas masks were relatively bulky.Finding a lightweight,low-cost,breathable material has become the focus of current research.It has become a research difficulty to prepare a filter material having a large specific surface area and a suitable porosity and capable of efficiently trapping PM2.5.In this paper,polycaprolactone?PCL?/polyethylene oxide?PEO?composite nanofibers were successfully designed and prepared by electrospinning technology for high efficiency filtration of PM2.5.The filtration effect and the composition of the retained haze particles were analyzed in study.The PCL/PEO composite nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning technique.The fiber parameters were determined by morphological characterization.The dried fibers were treated by solvent vapor annealing?SVA?,and the smooth fiber surface became a pleated layered structure.Through filtration experiments,it was found that SVA treatment can greatly improve the filtration efficiency,and the filtration efficiency can reach80.01%.The actual smog measurement is similar to the filtration effect obtained by laboratory simulation.We analyzed the composition of smog and found that PM2.5 is composed of some inorganic substances,carbohydrates,and small amounts of hydrocarbons,which is similar to the composition of smoke produced by burning moxa.In addition,in recent years,water pollution problems have begun to threaten people's physical and mental health,and the comprehensive management of water pollution was still in urgent need of solution.Functional composite nanomaterials have high porosity,controllable morphology,and high specific surface area,which stand out among many candidate materials.We successfully prepared PVA/PAA/Fe₃O₄/MXene@Ag new composite nanomaterials by electrospinning technology.We also studied the catalytic degradation characteristics of organic nanoparticles 4-NP and 2-NA by composite nanomaterials.MXene was intercalated with dimethyl sulfoxide?DMSO?and subjected to large-scale stratification by ultrasonic waves to obtain MXene flakes colloidal solution.Polyvinyl alcohol?PVA?,polyacrylic acid?PAA?,Fe₃O₄ nanometers were mixed with MXene flake colloidal solution to obtain a spinning precursor solution,and then PVA/PAA/Fe₃O₄/Mxene composite nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning.After the fibers were crosslinked at a high temperature,they were immersed in the AgNO₃ solution,and the Ag nanoparticles are self-reduced in situ by MXene flakes.The new composite nanomaterials of PVA/PAA/Fe₃O₄/MXene@Ag have been successfully prepared,which not only solves the problem that MXene flakes are not easily dispersed,but also retains the reduction characteristics of MXene itself and exhibits good catalytic degradation characteristics for 4-NP and 2-NA.