Preparation And Electrochemical Properties Of Electrode Materials With High Specific Capacitance

With the increasing shortage of fossil fuel resources,the continuous deterioration of the ecological environment and the increasingly serious energy crisis,human are facing many challenges of the survival and development need to address.Therefore,finding and developing low-cost,clean and renewable energy and researching efficient energy storage system have become the primary problems to be solved urgently.Supercapacitor is a new type of energy storage device,which has many advantages,such as rapid charge and discharge,green environmental protection,long cycle life and high power density,and considered to have the most development potential.As the important electrode materials of supercapacitors,metal oxides and conductive polymers are widely used due to their high specific capacitance and low resistance.In this paper,reducing cost and green environmental protection are considered as our starting point to design electrode materials of supercapacitors.On the one hand,by using the melamine resin and manganese chloride to react under a high or low temperature calcination process,we obtained a series of nitrogen doped carbon composite materia with high specific surface area and different morphology.For comparation,we added a certain amount of graphene in the process of preparation of composite material simultaneously and then studied their electrochemical properties.On the other hand,polyaniline with rich porosity was synthesized from inorganic salts?NaCl,KCl and Na₂SO₄?as pseudotemplates,and used as electrode materials to construct flexible supercapacitors.The influence of inorganic salts on electrochemical properties was investigated.The main contents of this paper are listed as follows.?1?Taking melamine,formaldehyde,four hydrated manganese chloride and graphene as the main raw materials,a series of carbon based composite materials with MnO/N-doped C were synthesized by one-step or step-by-step process.The morphology and structure of synthetic materials were characterized by XRD,SEM,TEM and other testing methods,and the electrochemical properties of the electrodes were also studied by means of CV,GCD and EIS.High apecific capacitance can be obtained when the ratio of melamine and formaldehyde is 1:9.The best specific capacitance can reach 660 F g^-1 when the current density is 1 A g^-1.?2?Porous polyaniline electrode materials with different amounts of inorganic salts?NaCl,KCl,Na₂SO₄?were prepared by using pseudo templates,and used as electrode materials for supercapacitors.The effect of the content of inorganic salt on morphology and specific capacitance was discussed.The results show that when the amount of inorganic salt added makes the microscopic morphology rich and porous and connected with each other,the electrochemical properties of the electrode material are the best,and the ratio capacitance can reach the highest value.For example,porous PANI with KCl as the template can be up to 800 F g^-1.