Failure Analysis And Safety Assessment Of Typical Materials For Pressure Vessels

Pressure vessels are more and more closely related to national economy and people's life.All countries in the world attach great importance to the reliable use of pressure vessels because of their special status and potential risks.However,there are still many accidents and it is difficult to completely eliminate them.Therefore,the fundamental method to cut off the accident is to study the failure mode and mechanism of pressure vessel,predict the possibility of the accident in advance,check the causes of its weak points and improve them.In this paper,the typical materials of pressure vessel(chrome molybdenum steel,austenitic stainless steel,glass lined)are introduced in detail according to the inspection and testing specifications and standards of pressure vessel,and the failure analysis and summary are carried out by means of metallographic observation,Scanning electron microscope,Diffraction of x——rays,Transmission Electron Microscope and electron diffraction.Finally,the methods and suggestions for improving the service life of pressure vessel are put forward to further the pressure vessel in the future More extensive research and accumulation of theoretical basis.The results show that the delayed crack is related to the hydrogen content in the matrix,the temper embrittlement is related to the segregation of harmful elements in the austenite grain boundary,and the low impact absorption energy is related to the heat treatment process.The failure of austenitic stainless steel head is mainly related to residual stress,treatment process,martensitic transformation and cold deformation strengthening.The foaming failure of glass lining is related to whether there is decarburization treatment and drying operation specifications,and the scale explosion failure is mainly related to hydrogen storage capacity.Finally,the safety assessment and standard of pressure vessel and Risk-Based Inspection method are introduced.