| At present,the widespread use of bromine-containing disinfectants causes a large amount of hypobromous acid to remain in water,which causes water pollution and poses a potential threat to human health.In addition,hypobromous acid?HOBr?,as a strong oxidant,has been widely concerned by scientific research for its involvement in physiological and pathological processes.In the body,the production of hypobromous acid is a double-edged sword.An appropriate amount of hypobromous acid has effective antibacterial activity,but abnormal production of hypobromous acid can easily cause a series of diseases such as tissue damage.Unfortunately,due to the low concentration of hypobromous acid in the organism,the development of methods for detecting hypobromous acid has been hindered,resulting in the detailed cellular mechanisms of hypobromous acid remains unclear.Therefore,it is of great significance to develop hypobromous acid probes with high specificity and sensitivity.Based on this,we designed and developed three fluorescent probes for the detection of hypobromous acid,which were successfully applied to the detection of hypobromous acid in biological samples.?1?A simple probe Ratio-HOBr was constructed using simple 4-CF3-7-aminoquinoline with high quantum yield and strong intramolecular charge transfer?ICT?mechanism as the fluorophore and 2-methylthiophenylboronic acid as the recognition receptor.Probe Ratio-HOBr exhibited quick response for HOBr.Besides,probe Ratio-HOBr has high selectivity and sensitivity for HOBr with a linear concentration range from 0-20?M and a limit of detection as 92 nM.Further studies found that probe Ratio-HOBr showed good biocompatibility for imaging HOBr in living cells and zebrafish.?2?A novel fluorescent probe NAEP-HOBr with naphthalimide derivatives as fluorophore and 1-?2-ammonioethyl?piperidine as recognition receptor was designed and synthesized.This is by far the first hypobromous acid probe based on similar to the Fock alkylation reaction.After analysis,the probe showed satisfactory sensitivity with a detection limit as 200 nM.In the presence of other high concentration analytes,the probe still showed good selectivity for hypobromous acid.The probe is also able to respond quickly to hypobromous acid.In addition,the probe can track the endogenous hypobromous acid in cells and zebrafish,which further provides a novel tool for tracking the fluctuation of endogenous hypobromous acid in vivo.Explore a new path for the development of hypobromite fluorescent probes.?3?Based on the second probe,a case of probe NAEM-HOBr with naphthalimide derivatives as the fluorophore and N-?2-aminoethyl?morpholine as the recognition receptor was designed and synthesized.Optimized the recognition of probe NAEM-HOBr for hypobromous acid by changing the recognition receptor of the second probe.One of the advantages of the probe is that based on the N-?2-aminoethyl?morpholine group,it can not only recognize hypobromous acid,but also effectively target lysosomes,thus performing the dual functions of detection and targeting.Through spectroscopic analysis,the probe was able to respond quickly to hypobromous acid,and successfully distinguished hypobromous acid from other reactive oxygen species,thus exhibiting good selectivity.In addition,the probe can quantitatively detect hypobromous acid at 0-1?M,and the detection limit is 15 nM,thereby achieving good sensitivity compared to the second probe.In biological applications,the probe is effectively applied to target lysosomes,providing a new tool for the detection of hypobromous acid in lysosomes.The probe has also been successfully applied to imaging hypobromous acid in zebrafish.In addition,through the difference in hypobromous acid concentration,the probe was also used for mice by two-photon imaging,and successfully distinguished between normal tissues and tumor tissues of mice.Therefore,the probe NAEM-HOBr provides an effective tool for detecting endogenous hypobromous acid in lysosomes and studying the application of probes in vivo. |
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