Analysis On The Dynamic Changes Of Desertification In Ulat Houqi From 1986 To 2019

Ulat Houqi Banner belongs to arid and semi-arid areas.It is windy and sandy all year round,and the Bayin Windur Desert is distributed in its territory,which makes the local desertification serious and the ecological environment very fragile.Due to the rapid development of agriculture,animal husbandry,economy,and society in modern times,the fragile local ecological environment has further deteriorated,and the increasing desertification of land has seriously threatened the ecological health and residents' lives in arid areas.However,how to scientifically understand the desertification situation of Ulat Houqi Banner in the past 30 years and master its development and change law,so as to provide scientific basis for the restoration and management of the ecological environment of Ulat Houqi Banner is an urgent problem to be solved.Based on this,this paper uses a variety of software platforms such as ArcGIS and ENVI to use Landsat TM images,meteorological and socioeconomic data as low-resolution data sources,and uses human-computer interaction to control the desertification dynamics in the study area from 1986 to 2019.Monitor and analyze changes.The main work is as follows:Landsat5 and Landsat8 satellite data covering the Ulat Houqi region are used in 8 periods(1986,1991,1996,2000,2006,2010,2015,2019),and are based on the growing season characteristics of the Urat Houqi.Data indicators such as the normalized vegetation index(NDVI),surface albedo(Albedo),and vegetation coverage(VC)were extracted using remote sensing technology.The NDVI-Albedo feature space is established with the support of Excel software,and the desertification difference index is obtained.The desertification difference index model(DDI)is used to monitor the desertification situation in the study area,and the study area is based on the threshold obtained by the natural discontinuity classification method.The degree of desertification is divided into five levels:non-,light,medium,severe,and extremely severe.The results show:90%of the Urat Houqi area is in a state of desertification.From 1986 to 1991,the area of desertified land in Urat Houqi Banner showed a decreasing trend.The area of desertification decreased from 23390.8km2 in 1986 to 22815.28km2 in 1991.The area of desertified land decreased by 575.52km2 in 5 years;from 1991 to 2000,desertification The situation is worsening.The area increased from 2218.28km2 in 1991 to 23427.06km2 in 2000.With the implementation of various policies after 2000,the desertification situation improved for a time,appearing in 2006 and 2015,mainly in Vegetation coverage has increased significantly,and the increased areas are in the central and northeastern regions of the banner.However,from 2015 to 2019,the desertification situation has significantly increased,mainly manifested by the moderate desertification and light desertification conditions increased,and the vegetation coverage has decline significantly.Based on TM images,the distribution map of Urat Houqi post-vegetation coverage was made.Based on local meteorological and socio-economic data in the past 33 years,it was divided into two aspects:human factors and natural factors.The results show that from 1986 to 2000,most of the changes in desertification were driven by natural factors.When the desertification situation improved,sufficient rainfall,high vegetation coverage,and temperature and wind speed were also in an appropriate state.However,desertification began in 2000.The expulsion factor changed by the situation has become a human factor.The implementation of the national policy of returning grazing land to grassland from the Urat Back Banner,combined with the local implementation of aerial sowing and afforestation projects,has significantly increased the coverage of vegetation,and significantly reduced the amount of livestock and desertification.Improvement;from 2015 to 2019,the driving factors of desertification change are both human and natural,which is reflected in the increase in population plus the increase in the number of livestock,and the increase in temperature and precipitation has led to a significant increase in desertification.It can be seen from the above that the ecological environment carrying capacity of Urat Houqi Banner is still very fragile.In order to improve the local ecological environment,the prevention and control of desertification is an urgent task,and more efforts are still needed.