Effect Of Koumiss On Fecal Metabolome In Patients With Hyperlipidemia

Hyperlipidemia is a disease caused by disorders of lipid metabolism,and it is one of the causes that induce cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.Hyperlipidemia also seriously threatens people's health.Koumiss is a traditional dairy product fermented by natural microorganisms.Our previous research found that koumiss may regulate the gut microbiota of patients with hyperlipidemia,maintain the homeostasis of intestinal environment,thereby achieving the effect of relieving hyperlipidemia.However,the impact of koumiss on the metabolism of gut is still unclear.It is of great significance to understand theinfluence of koumiss on the fecal metabolism of patients with hyperlipidemia.In this study,13 patients with hyperlipidemia who consumed koumiss were taken as the research object,and analysis of metabolites and content of bile acids in fecal of patients with hyperlipidemia who consumed koumiss on 0 days(Day 0),30 days(Day 30)and 60 days(Day 60)were evaluated by metabolomics method.The results are as follows:(1)The fecal metabolome of hyperlipidemia patients who consumed koumiss was analyzed by UPLC-Q/TOF-MS.It was found that the relative contents of seven characteristic metabolites were significantly increased,namely linoleic acid and stearic acid,?-tocotrienol,?-tocotrienol,pyridoxine,sphingosine and ursolic acid,respectively.And they were mainly involved in metabolic pathways including fatty acid,vitamin B6 and primary bile acid biosynthesis.Koumiss may regulate intestinal health through these pathways.(2)The detection of fecal metabolites of hyperlipidemic patients who consumed koumiss was analyzed by 1H-NMR.There are six characteristic metabolites were found,among which the relative contents of acetate,butyrste and tyrosine were increased,and the relative contents of fumarate,glucose and alanine were decreased.The analysis of metabolite interactions indicates that koumiss may affect the synthesis and metabolism of cholesterol and triglycerides by regulating these metabolites.(3)The determination of 15 bile acids in the fecal of patients with hyperlipidemia was performed by UPLC-MS/MS.It was found that the content of tauroursodeoxycholic acid(TUDCA)(p<0.05)and dehydrocholic acid(DDCA)(p<0.01)decreased significantly on Day 60 when compared with Day 30,and TUDCA was positively correlated with Bacteroides plebeius(p=0.51,p?0.01)and negatively correlated with Bacteroides dorei(r=-0.44,p?0.01).The statistical analysis of the total amount of 15 bile acids showed that the total excretion of hyperlipidemia patients on Day 30 and Day 60 increased by 4.75%and 9.88%respectively when compared with Day 0.These indicates that koumiss may influence the bile acid metabolism by regulating gut microbiota.In conclusion,this study uses metabolomics technology to analyze and explore the effect of koumiss on hyperlipidemia.It is found that koumiss regulates the synthesis and metabolism of cholesterol and triglycerides by affecting the intestinal metabolic pathways and bile acid metabolism,thereby regulating the blood lipid to normal level and alleviating hyperlipidemia.