Pedestrian Crossing Traffic Safety Analysis And Evaluation For Urban Road Planning And Design

The contradiction between the supply and demand of pedestrian services poses a huge challenge to pedestrian safety.The crossing environment,which is limited by the planning and design of urban roads,is the key to matching the supply and demand of crossing safety.In order to promote the systematic and effective resolution of the contradiction between the supply and demand of pedestrian crossing traffic safety environment from the level of urban road planning and design,and thus improving the safety of pedestrian crossing,considering the characteristics and related research limitations of pedestrian crossing traffic safety issues,the thesis starts with two key aspects: analyzing the causes of safety issues and proposing a new method of safety evaluation.First of all,according to the concept of pedestrian crossing traffic safety,pedestrian crossing traffic safety is a reasonable conflict with the running state of the crossing traffic system,and the relationship between the organization,supply,demand and use of pedestrian crossing traffic safety are clarified.Analyze the composition of pedestrian crossing traffic safety based on the supply and demand relationship of crossing traffic system services,including three levels: macro-pedestrian system environment,mesolevel crossing traffic organization management,and micro-level pedestrian crossing process.On the basis of clarifying the relationship between pedestrian crossing traffic safety,the key points of the organization of each part and its safety impact are expounded.At the level of the walking system,the organization points of the accessibility and reachability of the walking system are clarified,and the internal connection between pedestrians' unorganized crossing and the environmental conditions of the walking system is pointed out;At the level of crossing traffic organization,according to the principle of traffic organization,the organization form of human-vehicle conflict and its corresponding organization content,degree and main points are analyzed.Among them,the organization form includes three-dimensional space bypass,plane separation organization,and no control at all;pedestrian crossing process level,according to the theory of planned behavior,the human information processing system separately analyzes pedestrian crossing Planning process and actual behavior process,distinguish the influence of pedestrian travel preferences,subjective norms,perceptual behavior control,and physiological characteristics limited to the level of crossing behavior,and propose the form and content of adverse effects of intervention.Secondly,on the basis of analyzing the causes of pedestrian crossing traffic safety problems,in order to verify the potential traffic safety problems in China's pedestrian crossing environment construction,the paper surveys the urban arterial roads of six motorways in five cities including Berlin,Osaka,Beijing,Hangzhou and Dalian,contrasts and analyzes the differences between its pedestrian crossing safety environment on the three levels of passage facilities,crossing facilities,and behavioral interventions,and the possible environmental problem forms of pedestrian crossing traffic safety in China are also obtained,and at the same time,the results provide a reference.Then,in order to promote the discovery and systematic solution of potential problems in the traffic safety environment for pedestrians crossing the street,on the basis of analyzing the evaluation principles and application limitations of the existing evaluation methods,it is found that the traffic evaluation with the definition of serious conflict as the core focuses on accurate research and abandons the evaluation effect.Subsequently,for the evaluation utility problem,the conflict situation is used as the basis for categorizing the forms and contents of traffic conflicts,the ratio of avoidance behavior of the conflict subject under the classified conflict situation is used as defining the incidence of conflict and the degree of conflict risk in the conflict situation,and a new safety evaluation method based on "conflict situation-reaction behavior" is proposed,and its specific evaluation content and evaluation method are limited.On this basis,in order to test the feasibility and effectiveness of the new evaluation method,taking the intersection of Dalian Software Park Road and Digital Road as an example,a safety evaluation of all intersections based on "conflict situationreaction behavior" was carried out.The experimental results initially verified the feasibility and effectiveness of the new evaluation method.According to the comparison of the data,it was found that "the right-turn conflict risk situation of the same entrance is significantly weaker than the right-turn conflict of adjacent entrances,and there is a clear multiple relationship between the two risks;the same The conflict risk of the two right-turn conflict forms at the corner is closely related to the sample size of the conflict situation;there is no obvious connection between the security risk of the conflict form at different corners and the sample size of the conflict situation."Finally,the achievements and innovations of the paper are summarized based on the urban road planning and design.Among them,the cause analysis and problem verification provide guidance and improvement opinions for specific road planning and design respectively;as a technical support,safety evaluation helps to promote the identification and resolution of specific problems in urban road planning and design.And puts forward suggestions on concepts,services and guarantees for the improvement of pedestrian crossing environment.