| As an important precursor of PM2.5 and O3,volatile organic compounds?VOCs?affect the atmospheric environment and human health.With the rapid development of pharmaceutical industry,because of its use of various organic solvents,such as ethanol,ethyl acetate,etc,and the interaction between the gases in the evaporation,alcohol extraction,extraction and other links of traditional Chinese medicine,it has a great contribution to the emission of VOCs.With the rapid development of pharmaceutical industry,the pollution of volatile organic compounds is becoming more and more serious.At present,the evaluation of VOCs Pollution Control Technology in pharmaceutical industry is not perfect,and there are few studies on the types and hazard characteristics of VOCs in pharmaceutical industry in China.Therefore,this study aims to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the VOCs generated in the production process for two products of typical Chinese and western pharmaceutical companies in Guizhou Province with the method of SUMMA tank sampling-secondary cold trap concentration-GC/MS.In addition,the study used a health risk assessment model to calculate the carcinogenic risk?Risk?and non- carcinogenic risk?HI?of VOCs,considering the contribution of each component of VOCs to the generation of O3,the photochemical activity analysis of VOCs emitted by the pharmaceutical industry was further conducted,and the O3 generation potential?OFP?of VOCs of different pharmaceutical types and processes was discussed.Then use AHP to screen out the key components,the main conclusions are as follows:?1?83 kinds of VOCs were detected in the extraction process of traditional Chinese medicine,the concentration range of TVOCs was 118.60?139.74mg/m3,and the main VOCs were carbon disulfide,acetone,toluene,ethane and propane;62 kinds of VOCs were detected in the concentration process of traditional Chinese medicine,the concentration range of TVOCs was 71.13?160.99mg/m3,and the main VOCs were isopropanol,dichloromethane 93 kinds of VOCs were detected in alcohol precipitation process,the TVOCs concentration was 1052.42mg/m3,the main VOCs were isopropanol?71.2%?,2,2-dimethylbutane?24.3%?,ethyl acetate?2.0%?.101kinds of VOCs were detected in the chemical synthesis process of Western pharmaceutical.TVOCs concentration in the raw material reaction stage was 1079.04mg/m3,the main substances were ethyl acetate?33.6%?,n-hexane?11.6%?,2-methylpentane?8.6%?;TVOCs concentration in the solvent recovery workshop was1361.66mg/m3,the main substances were toluene?45.1%?,dichloromethane?10.1%?,acetone?6.9%?;TVOCs concentration in the sewage treatment station was The concentration is 371.88mg/m3,the main substances are isopentane?10.95%?and n-butane?10.19%?.?2?The risk of carcinogenesis of traditional Chinese medicine is lower than that of Western medicine,but all of them are between 1?10-6?1?10-4,which has potential carcinogenic risk.Among them,1,3-butadiene and styrene are carcinogenic substances,which should be strictly controlled in the formulation of VOCs emission standard of traditional Chinese medicine pharmaceutical industry.The non-carcinogenic risk value?HI?of Western medicine is 1 higher than the evaluation standard value of the U.S Environmental Protection Agency,in which trichloroethylene,1-butene,and hexachloro-1,3-butadiene may cause serious harm to human health,which should be strictly controlled in the formulation of VOCs emission standards in the pharmaceutical industry.?3?The OFP of VOCs produced by traditional Chinese medicine is between129.39 and 367.06mg/m3.Toluene in aromatic hydrocarbon is the most important active component of VOCs produced by traditional Chinese medicine,followed by alkane species,with the contribution rate of 41.8%and 36.3%respectively.The main contributions of OFP to VOCs production in western medicine are toluene?45.4%?and n-hexane?17.0%?.?4?The screening results of characteristic pollutants show that:the characteristic pollutants of Chinese medicine extraction wastewater are acetone and carbon disulfide,the characteristic pollutants of Chinese medicine extraction residue are styrene and carbon disulfide,the characteristic pollutants of Chinese medicine concentration workshop are acetone and p-xylene,the characteristic pollutants of Chinese medicine concentration wastewater are toluene and benzene,and the characteristic pollutants of Chinese medicine alcohol precipitation process are isopropanol and 2,2-dimethylbutane,ethyl acetate,n-hexane and 3-methylpentane are the characteristic pollutants of raw material reaction of Western medicine,toluene and dichloromethane are the characteristic pollutants of solvent recovery of Western medicine,isopentane and n-butane are the characteristic pollutants of synthetic wastewater of Western medicine. |
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