Comprehensive Extraction Of Starch And Fiber From Tea Seeds And High Value Application Research

In this study,tea seed was used as an experimental material.Through comprehensive research on tea seed starch and tea seed fiber,this study provides a useful theory for solving the problem of tea seed by-product availability and enhancing the high-value application of agricultural waste basis.The main findings are as follows:The tea seed starch was extracted by ultrasonic method,and the extraction rate of tea seed starch was used as an index to investigate the influence of ultrasonic power,ultrasonic time,liquid-to-material ratio and ultrasonic temperature on the extraction rate of tea seed starch.The response surface Box-behnken analysis method was used to optimize the extraction process of tea seed starch,and its physical and chemical properties and morphological structure were characterized.Based on the single-factor test,the three-factor three-level response surface analysis method was used to determine the extraction technology of tea seed starch.The results show that the best extraction process of tea seed starch is:tea seed powder processing capacity 10 g,ultrasonic power 120W,ultrasonic temperature 50?,ultrasonic time 30min,liquid to material ratio 6:1(m L/g),under this condition tea seed starch The extraction rate reached 98.28%,which was 16.35%higher than the traditional water extraction method.Under the optimal conditions,the protein content of the tea seed starch was 0.54%,the ash content was 0.17%,the amylose content was 20.14%,the amylopectin content was 79.86%,the dissolving power was22.19%,and the swelling power was 40.75%;SEM images showed that the tea leaves The seed starch granules are regular and spherical,with an average particle size of 1718nm;infrared spectroscopy analysis found that the tea seed starch is in an associated state with more hydrogen bonds.Ultrasonic method was used to prepare tea seed porous starch,and the effects of ultrasonic power,ultrasonic time and liquid-to-material ratio on oil absorption of tea seed porous starch were investigated.Based on the single-factor experiment,the Box-Behnken response surface analysis method was used to optimize the preparation process of tea seed porous starch,and three interaction factors(ultrasonic power,ultrasonic time and liquid-to-material ratio)were established to interact with the response value.Model.Obtained the optimal preparation process conditions of the tea seed porous starch with a higher adsorption rate:the maximum oil absorption of tea seed porous starch was obtained by ultrasonication for 35 min at a liquid-to-material ratio of 10:1(m L/g)and an ultrasonic power of 360 W.The rate is as high as 84.00±1.06%.The tea seed fiber was modified by xylanase-cellulase hydrolysis,ultrasonic modification and enzyme-ultrasonic treatment,and the physical and chemical properties,morphological structure and physiological function of the modified tea seed fiber were studied.The results show that tea seed cake is rich in fiber(51.91 g/100 g tea seed cake meal),compared with purified fiber(PF),enzymatically hydrolyzed fiber(EHF)and enzyme-ultrasonic modified fiber(EUF).It has higher water holding capacity(60.15 g/g),oil holding capacity(30.42 g/g),swellability(29.93 m L/g),emulsification(381.36 m~2/g)and emulsification stability(20.20).SEM and particle size analysis further confirmed that both enzymolysis and ultrasonic treatment can significantly change the microstructure and particle size of tea seed fiber.At the same time,UTF shows obvious pores and large cavities on the surface,with the smallest particle size.In addition,X-ray diffraction and TAG also show that the crystallinity and thermal stability of UTF have been significantly improved,and the same results have been confirmed by infrared spectroscopy.In addition,the adsorption capacity of gastrointestinal PF,EHF,EUF and UTF to cholesterol,glucose and nitrite ions is simulated.The results showed that UTF significantly improved the adsorption capacity of cholesterol,glucose and nitrite ions in vitro compared with PF,EHF and EUF.At the same time,the adsorption capacity of UTF for cholesterol and nitrite is stronger at p H 2.0 than at p H 7.0.Therefore,the ultrasonically processed tea seed fiber has greater application prospects in biological science and food technology.