Tunable Synthesis Of Gold Nanostructure And Its Application In Hole Transport Layer Of Perovskite Solar Cells

The power conversion efficiency(PCE)of organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells(PSCs)has been approaching that of the commercialized silicon solar cells within just 10 years.And its simple structure,low price,flexible preparation methods rendering it a strong candidate to application in reality and alternative of silicon solar cells.Poly(3-hexylthiophene)(P3HT)is one of the the most promising hole transport materials(HTMs)to motivate the commercialization of PSCs owing to its high hole mobilites,low cost and ease of synthesized.However,the PCE of P3HT-based PSCs is not as high as those complicated synthesized and high cost HTMs,which limits the further commercialization of PSCs.Therefore,increasing the PCE of the P3HT-based PSCs becomes a critical issue for the commercialization of PSCs?In this paper,the strategy to enhance the PCE of P3HT-based PSCs was developed.Gold nanostructures such as gold nanorods(Au NRs)and gold nanoparticles(Au NPs)were synthesized,and Au NRs were combined with P3 HT to develop P3HT/Au NRs composites as HTMs to fabricate PSCs.The highest PCE of the optimized devices based on the composite HTM reached up to 16.88%,which was an increase of 26% from that of a pristine P3HT-based device(13.40%).The enhanced performance can be attributed to the increased crystallinity of P3 HT induced by the addition of Au NRs in the polymer matrix and the localized surface plasmon resonance(LSPR)effect of Au NRs,which lead to higher carrier mobility and increased light utilization efficiency.This work provides a comprehensive understanding of the effect of plasmonic Au nanorods in PSCs application and a useful method to further improve the performance of PSCs.The seed-mediated method to synthesize Au NRs was robustly influenced by the impurity in reagents and it's inevitable.This phenomenon is barely mentioned in nowadays researches,which limits the further research of Au NRs.In this paper,the synthesized methods were explored and provide a detailed supplementary for synthesis.Apart from that,this paper provides an effective strategy to synthesize Au NRs with the existence of impurities by a gradient centrifugation.