Study On Payne Effect And Hysteresis Loss Of Carbon Black Filled Natural Rubber

Carbon black is the earliest and most popular filler in the rubber industry due to its low price and ability to form a layered structure.As a reinforcing filler,carbon black can significantly improve various mechanical properties of rubber materials,including tensile strength,tearing strength,constant elongation stress,etc.,which greatly broadens the application fields of rubber materials,such as most engineering structures such as automobile tires,Aircraft tires,shock absorbers,sealing elements,etc.are all rubber products,and its role is currently irreplaceable by other materials.Although carbon black filled natural rubber has many advantages,the reinforcement of carbon black to rubber materials will also cause significant changes in the dynamic mechanical properties of rubber materials,making the mechanical behavior of materials more difficult to predict and modeling,and bring some needs to be resolved.Problems such as stress softening effect,Payne effect and viscous loss.In this paper,dynamic mechanical analysis(DMA)was used to study the effects of different temperatures and frequencies on the Payne effect of carbon black filled natural rubber.The test results show that the Payne effect increases with decreasing temperature,especially at-30°C,a significant Payne effect is observed.At different frequencies,the increase in Payne effect with increasing frequency is due to the increase in unstable bonds of the material,and when the strain amplitude is small,the dependence of storage modulus and loss modulus on frequency Stronger than the case with larger strain amplitude.Based on the experimental test results,the mechanism of the influence of temperature and frequency on the Payne effect of filled rubber materials was explained using the Maier-G?ritz model.In addition,by moving the relationship between the logarithmic storage modulus and loss modulus and logarithmic strain amplitude at different temperatures along the ordinate vertically,a smooth curve can be obtained and the temperature shift factor satisfies the WLF equation The vertical shift in numerical coordinates gives a method to accelerate the prediction of Payne effect at different temperatures.Combined with the Kraus model,a prediction model for viscous loss at different temperatures was developed.Based on the time-temperature equivalence principle,the carbon black filled rubber was subjected to frequency sweep test at different temperatures.The loss modulus values in a wide frequency domain at different temperatures were obtained.The energy dissipation values in a wide frequency domain were obtained in conjunction with theory.The results show that the energy dissipation results in a wide frequency domain with a frequency range spanning 0 orders of magnitude can be obtained by shifting.In a wide frequency range,the energy dissipation of the material increases first and then decreases as the frequency increases,showing a typical peak.As the temperature rises,the peak energy dissipation increases toward higher frequencies.