Study On Ecosystem Health Diagnosis And Soil Hydrological Effects In Fushun West Open-pit Mining Area

Mine development destroys land resources,and open-pit mining is particularly serious.Fushun West Open-pit Mine is the largest comprehensive open-pit mine in China.The mining history of the past 100 years has made it a resource-depleted city.The environmental problems caused by open-pit mining also directly affect the health of Fushun citizens.Therefore,the evaluation of the ecosystem health of Fushun West Open-pit Mine and the evaluation of the soil hydrological effect of the dump site can not only provide the theoretical basis and technical support for improving the resource utilization efficiency of the West Open-pit Mine,reducing environmental pollution,and restoring the ecological environment;The ecological restoration of open pit mine dumps provides a scientific basis to screen out the best configuration model that is most suitable for its vegetation restoration.This has important guiding significance for guiding the preparation,restoration,ecological reconstruction,and regional economic development of the West Open pit.This article takes Fushun West Opencast Mine in Liaoning Province as the research site,based on a combination of field investigations,field tests and indoor analysis,to establish the ecosystem health assessment system of the West Opencast Mine Area in order to explore the ecosystem health and soil moisture effects in the study area.Comprehensive evaluation of the ecosystem health of the western open-pit mine area by fuzzy evaluation method;comparative analysis of the root distribution characteristics and physical properties of soil moisture under different vegetation models,to find out the soil factors,moisture factors and plant factors on the vegetation of the dump in the west open-pit mine In the process of restoration,the effects of soil moisture effects were evaluated.The main conclusions are as follows: on the basis of the vague status quo,the health status of the ecosystem in the western open-pit mining area is evaluated.The evaluation result is that the ecosystem health of the research mining area belongs to sub-health,which is very healthy,healthy,critical,general diseases and diseases.The membership degrees are(0.083 0.298 0.330 0.237 0.051),and the management of the mining area ecosystem needs to be strengthened;there are 2 to 6 different herbs in the sample area of the study area,and the range of the vegetation DBH,tree height,DBH is 2.01 ? 6.54 cm,1.50 ? 6.12 m,1.56 ? 3.91 m,the overall change trend of the plant root system in each plot is that as the depth of the soil layer increases,the plant root system decreases,and the soil bulk density under different vegetation restoration models is in order: barren grassland,mixed forest,In poplar forests,black locust forests,and shrub forests,the soil porosity is dominated by capillary porosity.Under the different vegetation restoration modes in the dump,the relative soil moisture of different soil layers are all ineffective water,and the soil moisture in the dump is difficult to be absorbed by the vegetation.Utilization,all the soil in the reclamation area of the dump site contains a certain amount of gravel,and it shows an increasing trend with the deepening of the soil depth;12 environmental factors are selected as the evaluation indicators of the soil hydrological effect of the vegetation restoration of the dump site,each The comprehensive weight of the evaluation index is between 0.0293 and 0.1533.The comprehensive indexes of the soil hydrological effects of Robinia pseudoacacia,poplar forest,mixed forest,shrub forest,and barren grassland are: Robinia pseudoacacia(0.5020)> Mixed forest(0.4851)> Poplar Woodland(0.4686)> Shrubland(0.3788)> Barren grassland(0.3352),which is 49.76%,44.72%,39.80% and 13.00% higher than the barren grassland respectively.In the future,the restoration of the waste dump vegetation may consider preferential selection of Robinia pseudoacacia as a pioneer species.The paper has 9 pictures,28 tables,and 69 references.