Preparation And Electrochemical Performance Of Jute Fiber-derived Carbonaceous Materials

Lithium-ion batteries have become very popular because of their stable electrochemical performance and high energy density compared with traditional batteries since invented.The anode material of lithium-ion batteries is mainly graphite with the theoretical specific capacity of 372 mAh g^-1,which cannot meet the needs of higher specific capacity of future batteries.Therefore,we aim to explore anode materials with higher specific capacity,higher energy density and lower cost in this article.Biomass carbon materials derived from plants or plant-derived materials in nature are plentiful and renewable energy resources for many uses.For example,jute fiber is one of the cheapest natural fibers and widely available.The biomass material jute fiber is used as a precursor to prepare carbon materials with rich porosity or microsphere morphology using in lithium ion batteries by chemical activation and hydrothermal methods.Low-cost electrode materials with high charge-discharge specific capacity,positive rate performance and cycle stability were prepared and tested for physical and electrochemical properties including crystal structure,degree of disorder,specific surface area,micromorphology and thermal behavior.The main content of this article is as follows:?1?The activation agent zinc chloride and jute fiber were impregnated,mixed and dried,carbonizing at 300?and activating at high temperature to prepare the jute fiber-based porous carbon material named JFAC.The effects on the activation results and electrochemical performance resulting by the amount of activator and activation temperature were explored.The research results show that the JFAC-500-4 porous carbon material was obtained at the mass impregnation ratio of jute fiber and zinc chloride with 1:4 and activation temperature of 500?.It has some surface defects and rich micro-meso porous structure with the specific surface area of 1028.62 m² g^-1 and exhibites the specific discharge capacity of 742.7 mAh g^-1 after 100 cycles and excellent rate performance.?2?Jute fibers were mixed and impregnated with activator copper chloride and the jute fiber-based porous carbon material JFC was prepared by a one-step high-temperature calcination activation method.The effects of different proportions of activator on the activation results and electrochemical performance were explored.The research results show that the JFC-8 sample has the the specific surface area of 2043.53 m² g^-1,rich in nanosca_Il_Ie_I pores including micropores,mesopores and macropores and shows excellent rate performance and stable cycling performance with reversible capacity of 580.4 mAh g^-1 after100 cyclings at a current density of 0.2 C.?3?The alkali treating method was used on jute fibers to remove lignin and hemicellulose to get jute fiber-based cellulose.Carbon microspheres were synthesized by hydrothermal reaction using carbon electrode materials after further high temperature calcination.The influence of the time of the hydrothermal reaction period on the morphology and electrochemical performance of carbon materials was explored.As the hours for hydrothermal reaction increase,the size of the carbon microsphere becomes smaller and becomes uniform.There are a large number of uniformly sized carbon microspheres with the diameter of about 100 nm on the surface of JFCellulose-CM-48carbon electrode material.The holes between the microspheres are conducive to the insertion and extraction of lithium ions,so JFCellulose-CM-48 material shows excellent electrochemical performance with discharge specific capacity at 514.3 mAh g^-1 after 100cycles at 0.2 C.