Research On Photoelectric Performance Of Perovskite Solar Cell Mixed With Gold And Silver Core-shell Nanoparticles

In this paper,the performance of perovskite solar cells was optimized by mixing mesoporous TiO₂ with noble metal nanoparticles in order to obtain low-cost,low-toxicity and high-efficiency photovoltaic cells.The local surface plasmon resonance effect and scattering effect of the metal nanoparticles can be effectively utilized to improve the light absorption capacity of the perovskite solar cell and thereby improve its photoelectric performance.The optical properties of Ag@SiO₂and Au@Pt@Au core-shell nanoparticles were studied theoretically and experimentally.Then the nanoparticles applied to mesoporous perovskite solar cell based on carbon electrode and without hole transport layer.The effects of Ag@SiO₂and Au@Pt@Au core-shell nanoparticles on the photoelectric performance of the device were studied.The research contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows:?1?The absorption,scattering and extinction of Ag,Ag@SiO₂ and Au@Pt@Au nanoparticles were calculated based on FDTD Solutions simulation software.The effect of the size of the nanoparticles on their optical properties was calculated and analyzed by changing the size of the Ag nanoparticles,the thickness of the SiO₂,and the radius of the outermost Au nanospheres.The results show that as the radius of Ag nanoparticles increases from 5nm to 40nm,the extinction peak is gradually red-shifted from 399 nm to 468 nm and the extinction peak is continuously broadened.The extinction efficiency increases first and then decreases and maximizes when the radius is 25 nm.The extinction efficiency of Ag@SiO₂ nanoparticles decreases with the increase of SiO₂ thickness,while the extinction intensity decreases with the increase of SiO₂ thickness.The extinction intensity of Au@Pt@Au nanoparticles is much higher than that of Au nanoparticles.The increase in the radius of the Au sphere increases its extinction peak intensity at 590 nm.However,when the radius of the Au sphere is too large,the Au spheres will connect with each other and eventually shield the extinction peaks of the inner nanoparticles.?2?Ag nanoparticles with uniform dispersion and concentrated particle size were prepared by a polyol method.And Ag@SiO₂ nanoparticles were prepared by a modified Stober method,which was coated with an insulating SiO₂ shell on the surface of Ag nanoparticles.The Ag@SiO₂ nanoparticles were then added to mesoporous TiO₂ of the perovskite solar cell at a ratio of 0.1wt%,0.3wt%,and0.5wt%,respectively.The morphology,composition and optical properties of Ag@SiO₂ nanoparticles were characterized and analyzed.Then the effect of Ag@SiO₂ on the optical properties of perovskite solar cells was studied.The results show that after mixing with Ag@SiO₂ nanoparticles the short circuit current density of mesoporous perovskite solar cells based on carbon electrode and without hole transport layer increases from 20.23mA/cm² to 23.04mA/cm²,while the photoelectric conversion efficiency increased from 12.23%to 14.61%.The optimal mixing concentration was 0.3wt%.?3?Au@Pt@Au core-shell nanoparticles were prepared by chemical reduction method.The gold ions in chloroauric acid were reduced to Au nanoparticles by sodium citrate as a reducing agent.The Pt shell and the fine Au nanospheres were prepared sequentially on the surface of Au nanoparticles to obtain Au@Pt@Au core-shell nano-particles.The Au@Pt@Au nanoparticles were then added to mesoporous TiO₂ of the perovskite solar cell at a ratio of 0.5wt%,1wt%,and 2wt%,respectively.The morphology,composition and optical properties of Au@Pt@Au nanoparticles were characterized and analyzed.Then the effect of Au@Pt@Au on the optical properties of perovskite solar cells was studied.The results show that after mixing with Au@Pt@Au nanoparticles the short circuit current density of mesoporous perovskite solar cells based on carbon electrode and without hole transport layer increases from 19.71mA/cm² to 22.44mA/cm²,while the photoelectric conversion efficiency increased from 10.46%to 12.90%.The optimal mixing concentration was 1wt%.