Preparation Of Oil-water Separation Superhydrophobic Sponge With Environmentally Friendly Waterborne System

With the rapid development of industry,the pollution of marine oil and organic solvents occur frequently.These oils are difficult to be biodegraded in water and removed,which not only affects the ecological environment but also causes potential risks to human health.At present,the commonly used methods of water pollution removal,such as field combustion,chemical dispersing,microbial treatment etc.In the recovery and treatment of oil pollution,these methods will produce secondary pollution due to its limitations.Therefore,it is urgent to seek efficient,convenient and green oil pollution treatment technology.The oil-absorbing material is widely used in the treatment of oil pollution in recent years,due to its excellent and efficient adsorption performance,recyclability without secondary pollution.Three-dimensional porous materials have been applied to the preparation of hydrophobic materials due to their high porosity,large specific surface area,good elasticity and excellent oil storage effect.The existing partially hydrophobic porous materials involve contamination due to the use of organic solvents in the preparation process,the oil absorption ability and the oil-water separation effect are defective,and the preparation cost is high,which limits their practical application.The purpose of this research is to obtain a highly efficient hydrophobic oil-absorbing material by simple and convenient preparation method,which provides an inexpensive solution for the purification of crude oil-polluted seawater and oil-containing industrial wastewater.1.Using melamine sponge as the matrix and polydimethylsiloxane?PDMS?as the hydrophobic material,The three-dimensional high-efficient hydrophobic oil absorbing sponge was prepared by a simple one-step dip-coating method to modify the hydro-hobic layer of the silicone hydrophobic layer.It's water contact angle is 153.1°and the oil contact angle is 0°.The oil-water separation material will not be blocked and the morphology and structure are complete,when the curing agent is KH570,the content is 1.5%and the PDMS emulsion solid content is 20%.High-efficiency oil-water separation sponge has excellent oil-water separation characteristics,and the oil absorption rate of silicone oil is up to 114 times of its own weight,and it still has higher oil absorption capacity after recycling.The organic silicon used in the preparation process is a waterborne emulsion and which can be used to prepare superhydrophobic materials,which reduces the use of organic solvents.The process is simple,green and environmentally friendly.It is an ideal material for the preparation of superhydrophobic materials.2.In order to optimize the hydrophobic properties of oil-water separation materials,SiO₂ particles were modified by electrostatic deposition on the surface of sponge skeleton modified with PDMS and SiO₂ particles were coated by hydrophobic fluorosilane.MF/PDMS/SiO₂/fluorosilane oil-water separation composites were prepared by this simple and convenient dip-coating method.The results show that SiO₂ particles construct an excellent micro-nano rough structure on the surface of the sponge skeleton.With the increase of SiO₂ particles,the roughness increases and the hydrophobicity is improved.Fluorosilane is a low surface energy substance,which can be used to construct hydrophobic materials after its outermost modification.The composite material retains high oil absorption and recycling reusability after 10cycles.3.Phytic acid?PA?,a natural compound in plants,is used to form insoluble precipitates by complexing with metal ions to build rough micro-nanostructures,which were then coated with silicone to produce excellent oil-water separation composites.The rough structures of phytic acid and different metal ions were different.The morphology of PA and Fe³⁺was the most complete,and the hydrophobic angle was 155.6°.The oil-water separation effect and the absorbability of different oil products were investigated.The oil-water mixture could be separated quickly and efficiently,and the oil absorption rate remained at a high level after recycling.