Preparation And Properties Of Photochromic And Thermochromic Fibers

Color-changing fiber is a new type of functional fiber with great added value and benefits.It not only plays an important role in the fields of security and anti-counterfeiting,but also has great demands in the field of textiles.With the development of economy and the progress of social spiritual material civilization,people’s requirements for the functionalization of fiber textiles and the diversification of colors are increasing.Color-changing fibers can just meet this demand.Therefore,the development of new color-changing fiber materials has become one of the current hot spots.First,a photochromic material and polyurethane are used for two-component melt spinning to prepare a photochromic polyurethane sheath-core fiber,wherein the core layer is a composite material of photochromic material and polyurethane,and the skin layer is pure polyurethane.The photochromic polyurethane fibers were analyzed by SEM,FTIR,TG,DSC,mechanical properties and color fastness.It was found that the mechanical properties of the photochromic polyurethane fibers with the sheath-core structure can reach more than 95%of the pure polyurethane sheath-core fibers.,Can fully meet the actual production requirements;in terms of thermal stability,the initial decomposition temperature of photochromic polyurethane fibers is only about 2°C lower than that of pure polyurethane sheath-core fibers,and the decomposition temperatures of both are as high as 350°C or higher,so The thermochromic polyurethane fiber still maintains good thermal stability;and the photochromic polyurethane fiber also has good photochromic performance and color fastness.Second,the light/thermochromic material and polyester are mixed for melt spinning to prepare light/thermochromic polyester fibers with different concentrations.The photochromic polyurethane fibers were analyzed by SEM,FTIR,TG,DSC,mechanical properties and color fastness.The research results show that compared with pure polyester fibers,the melting temperature and crystallization temperature of the photo/thermochromic polyester fibers are both It is increased,and the thermal stability of the photo/thermochromic polyester fiber is also improved.At the same time,the morphology and structure of the photo/thermochromic polyester fiber was observed by an electron microscope.In the photochromic polyester fiber,the surface of the photo/thermochromic polyester fiber becomes rough;comprehensive research results have found that when the content of the photochromic material is 4%,the photo/thermochromic polyester fiber not only has an obvious color-changing effect,And its thermodynamic properties are relatively excellent.Finally,the PMA/TiO₂composite color-changing material was synthesized in the laboratory,and wet-spinning technology was used to prepare different content of color-changing polyurethane fibers.The research results show that the PMA/TiO₂composite color-changing material can be uniformly dispersed in the color-changing polyurethane fibers,and the PMA/TiO₂when the content of the composite color changing material is 5%or less,the melting temperature of the color changing polyurethane fiber can be increased by about5°C,and the color changing effect of the color changing polyurethane fiber will also increase with the increase of the PMA/TiO₂composite color changing material.