Distribution And Pollution Characteristics Of Antibiotic Resistance Genes In Intensive Broiler Farms

With the further development of feed additives,the use of antibiotics in livestock and poultry breeding industry has gradually increased.However,the massive use and abuse of antibiotics have brought the pollution of antibiotic resistant genes?ARGs?,which has brought great risks to the ecological environment and human health.Manure and soil of livestock and poultry are considered to be important repositories of antibiotics and antibiotic resistant genes.With the excretion and diffusion of manure,the spread of antibiotic resistance and antibiotic resistant bacteria in the environment is accelerating.However,antibiotic resistance genes that enter the environment are further transmitted through the food chain,which poses a serious threat to human health.Research shows that only a small part of antibiotics will be absorbed and utilized after entering the livestock and poultry,and the vast majority of antibiotics will remain in the intestinal tract of livestock and poultry.One part will spread with the manure entering the ecological environment,and the other part will combine with the microbial flora in the intestinal tract to produce a large number of resistant resistant resistant strains,which will have a certain impact on the ecological environment and human health.Therefore,the microflora in poultry intestines has become an important repository for human pathogens to receive antibiotic resistance.In this experiment,the faeces and soil samples of Xi'an intensive broiler farm and PM_2.5samples in the air were studied to understand the distribution and pollution of ARGs in the broiler breeding environment of Xi'an,and the role of int1 in the air transmission of ARGs was analyzed.At the same time,the exposure assessment of the respiratory pathway of ARGs was carried out,and the possible control of livestock and poultry was proposed The effective means of ARGs spread in the environment can provide reference for reducing the harm of antibiotic abuse to human beings.The specific conclusions are as follows:?1?There are many antibiotic resistance genes in samples?including feces,soil and fine particles?from broiler farms.Among them,sulfonamide resistance gene,tetracycline resistance gene and Macrolide resistance gene were detected.?2?ARGs can propagate between different environment mediums,and ARGs is positively correlated with INT1.In the microenvironment of broiler,the molecular diffusion of feces is an important source of ARGs in PM_2.5.PM_2.5can be used as a reservoir of multi-drug-resistant bacteria,in which the exposure and daily intake of ARGs are high,which may be harmful to the health of farm workers.?3?The multidrug resistance rates of bacteria in feces,soil and PM_2.5samples collected from broiler farms were 100%,38.46%and 55.56%,respectively.The five kinds of bacteria detected in stool samples were all multi-drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria,including Staphylococcus Squirrel,staphylococcus Tarda,enterococcus Faecalis,enterococcus gallinarum and streptococcus polyoides Soil samples were found to contain multi-drug resistant Bacillus thuringiensis bacteria,while PM_2.5 samples contained staphylococcus and enterococcus,which were multi-drug resistant pathogens.Could be transmitted through the environment to affect human health.