| Objective:To take TCMR as the research object,?1?Based on the existing research results,to investigate the feasibility of aerobic fermentation of TCMR to prepare organic fertilizer.?2?Investigate the influence of different composting parameters on the fermentation effect of TCMR compost,and determine the most suitable fermentation conditions.?3?Select the fermentation agent and the better compound bacteria through combination based on the composition of TCMR.?4?Re-optimize the compound bacteria,and further screen out the compound bacteria that decompose the components which are difficult to degrade in the TCMR.?5?Orthogonally optimize the composting parameters and the compound bacteria,and establish the best process for the preparation of organic fertilizer by TCMRs.Methods:?1?Through reviewing the research results on aerobic composting and compost maturity,then determine the TCMR composting methods and detection indexes.?2?Taking temperature,p H value,organic matter,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium as the detection indicators,investigate the four composting parameters of water content,carbon-to-nitrogen ratio,frequency of overturning and replenishment frequency,then determine suitable fermentation conditions.?3?Summarize the existing research microorganisms based on the main ingredients of TCMRs,and determine the specific strains of actinomycetes,fungi and bacteria commonly used in fermentation;then select better compound bacteria by combining?ration ratio 1:1:1?to ferment TCMRs and determining the changes of various indicators.?4?Through the superposition of bacterial species and add lignin and cellulose content as detection indicators,then microbial starters are further preferred.?5?Select the water content,C/N,composting frequency of TCMRs and the proportion of compound strains to carry out the orthogonal experiment of 4 factors and 3 levels,by using the grey correlation analysis method to evaluate the compost maturity,the best composting process of TCMRs is screened.Results:?1?Through literature research,determine the intermittent dynamic aerobic could be used for the composting of TCMRs.During which physical,chemical,biological and other indicators can be selected to detect the compost maturity.?2?Through testing various indicators,it was found that:under the water content,the temperature of the 65%group was at a relatively high level in the early stage of composting,and the water content of 55%began to be higher than the other three groups after the 9th day;the p H value of each group is between 7.65-8.10 at the end of fermentation,except that the water content of 50%and 60%is not significantly different,the p H values of the other groups are significantly different?p<0.05?;the decomposition rate of organic matter was faster in the the water content of 50%and 55%at the end of the compost,and the latter had the highest P content,and the organic matter in the 60%water content group decomposed the least,and contained the highest N and K elements.Under the C/N,except for the group with a C/N of 30,the highest temperature of all other groups exceeded 62.00°C;at the end of composting,the p H of each group was maintained between 7.42-7.79,and there was a significant difference between C/N of 30 and the other groups?p<0.05?;the organic matter in each group showed a downward trend at the end of composting,there was a significant difference between C/N of 20 and the other groups?p<0.05?.the nitrogen content of the groups of 25 and 40 increased,the phosphorus content of the other groups increased except for the C/N of 25,and the K content of each group also increased.Under the frequency of turning over,the temperature of the F0 group was higher than the other groups during the entire early composting process,and the temperature advantage of F7 began to appear one week later;at the end of the composting,the p H value of each group was between 7.32 and 7.65;the organic matter content showed a continuous downward trend among them,the F7 group had the highest degradation rate,while the N content of the F4 and F10 groups increased,and the P content of each group increased from the beginning,the overall K content began to decrease except for the F4 treatment.Under the frequency of water replenishment,except for the B0 group on the 10th day reached the highest temperature,the other three groups reached the highest within 4 days,and the temperature of each group gradually stabilized after 3 weeks;the p H value of each group was between 7.60-8.00 at the end of composting;after 35 days of composting,the organic matter in group B7 decreased most?17.11%?,the N content was lost in all groups except group B7,the P and K element was decreased in all groups except group B4.?3?By consulting existing literature,combined with economics and practicality,seven commonly used organic fertilizer starters were selected,among which actinomycetes:Streptomyces microflavus;fungi:Aspergillus niger,Trichoderma ressei,and Trichoderma viride;bacteria:Bacillus subtilis,Bacillus amyloliquefaciens,Bacillus licheniformis;after combined fermentation and testing of various indicators,it was found that the final appearance of the AB1C2 group?Streptomyces microflavus:Aspergillus niger:Bacillus licheniformis=1:1:1?final appearance was black and earthy,with the highest temperature during the high temperature period during fermentation and the highest organic matter degradation rate?30.75%?.?4?It was found that each treatment group had three different heating periods during the composting process;the p H value of each treatment group under the treatment of different fungi as a whole first increased and then decreased,and finally reached stability,There is a significant difference between each treatment group and the blank group?p<0.05?;at the end of composting,the organic matter in group E degrades the most,and the degradation of cellulose and lignin in groups A,B,and C is higher,through combining the organic matter and three nutrients?N,P,K?could find that the treatment group C is better for fermentation residues.?5?By detecting the changes of each group index in the orthogonal experiment,it is obtained that the maximum temperature of each grouping?except Group G?in the fermentation process reaches above 60°C,of which the highest temperature of Groups I?65.18°C?and C?63.73°C?;with the extension of the composting time,the p H value of each group showed an overall upward trend,at the end of the composting,the p H value of each group was maintained between 7.91 and 8.44;the water content of the each group decreased with the increase of temperature,and at the end the group C is at least 33.84%,the group I is up to 57.22%;the grey correlation method is used to evaluate the compost maturity,and the order and optimal level of the four factors on the compost is:turning frequency?10 d/time?>Moisture content?50%?>Proportion of complex bacteria?1.5%?>Carbon-nitrogen ratio?33?.Conclusion:The study shows that the use of intermittent dynamic aerobic composting for the treatment of TCMRs is feasible.Combining with each composting index,the optimal fermentation conditions were determined to be 55%water content,C/N to be 30:1,the frequency of turning over and replenishing water is 7 d/time.After strain selection and combination,combined with changes in nutrients,cellulose and lignin content before and after the composting,screened out the composite strains with high efficiency degradation of TCMRs as group C,which is Streptomyces microflavus:?Bacillus licheniformis,Bacillus subtilis+Aspergillus niger,Trichoderma viride?=1:4.Through orthogonal experiments on each composting parameter and compound strains,the best composting process is obtained:water content 50%,C/N=33:1,turning frequency 10 d/time,fungus addition ratio 1.5%. |
PDF Full Text Request