Pollution Characteristics Of Legacy And Emerging Per- And Polyfluoroalkyl Substances In Indoor Dust And Pregnancy Women Plasma

Due to excellent thermal stability,high surface activity and hydrophobic and oleophobic properties,per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)are widely used in various industrial applications,such as textiles,construction and fire protection,resulting in broad environmental pollution and human exposure.In this study,indoor dust was selected as an important matrix to understand the contamination levels and profiles of PFASs in human living environment.We investigated 59 legacy and emerging PFAS chemicals in house dust from 40 dwellings in Guangzhou(South China).In addition,PFASs were also determined in 690 pregnant women plasma from Shanxi Province to understand human exposure scenarios.Total concentrations of PFASs in indoor dust from Guangzhou ranges from 4.7 to 431 ng/g(median: 53 ng/g),generally within the 25-50 percentile of the concentration range reported in global studies.PFBS(median: 17.6 ng/g)constituted as the most abundant PFAS in house dust,followed by L-PFOA,L-PFOS,6:2 di PAP and 6:2 Cl-PFESA.The study on the factors of residential variables shows that the decoration history seems to be an important factor affecting PFASs concentration in indoor dust.Estimated daily intakes from dust intake and dermal contact indicate that adults and young children are at lower risk of exposure than threshold levels.In average and high exposure situations,the median EDI for young children is about 1-2 orders of magnitude higher than for adults.Only five PFASs(i.e.,6:2 Cl-PFESA,PFOA,PFOS,PFHx S and PFHp S)exhibited a detection frequency(DF)greater than 50% in plasma from Shanxi pregnant women.Their median concentrations were determined to be 0.32,0.75,1.8,0.20 and 0.07 ng/m L,respectively.These levels were generally lower than what have been reported in pregnant women or other populations from different regions.However,the composition profile resembled those reported in other human studies,which generally exhibited a dominance by PFOS and PFOA.Through the analysis of demographic characteristics and other factors,PFAS concentrations in pregnant women were significantly associated with the occupation,passive smoking,parity,seafood consumption,and the presence of chemical plants near their homes.Overall,the studied population was subjected to a low level of health risk with respect to PFAS exposure.