Synthesis Several Kinds Of Small Organic Molecule Hole-transporting Materials And The Application In Perovskite Solar Cells

As an effective solution to energy crisis and environment pollution,solar photovoltaics(PV)is developing rapidly worldwide.Solar energy has received extensive attention because of its wide distribution.Among the applications of solar energy,solar cells occupy a large proportion.Recently the exploration of organolead halide perovskites as a light harvester has led to stunning progress.Perovskite solar cells(PSCs)possess some advantages,such as feasible fabrication techniques,solution-processed,and high energy conversion efficiency.HTMs,which is responded for efficient charge extraction,always remains an indispensable part of PSCs.HTMs can be divided into three main categories:inorganic HTMs,polymeric HTMs,and small organic molecule HTMs.The inorganic HTMs used in PSCs,which take the advantages over high hole mobility and low cost,has the drawbacks of that the solvent used for their deposition can partially dissolve the perovskite,impacting stability of the device.Polymeric materials suffer from the disadvantages of low solubility,undefined molecular weight,and complex purification processes.Therefore,the reseach of designing small organic molecules as HTMs has urgently to be devoted.In this dissertation,the use of small organic HTMs in PSCs is showed.For a better understanding of the main properties of the molecule discussed,the survey is divided into six sections,we discuss in detail the effects of the functional groups and structures of small organic molecule HTMs and their optoelectrical and PV properties for HTMs used in PSCs.However,the PSCs’ research of introducing pyrene compounds and functionalized nanographene molecules as HTMs remains to be investigated.therefore,the main works of this paper contain three parts.we hope to offer more guidance for designing organic molecular as HTMs.In this paper,two kinds of 4,5,9,10-tetrapyrene derivatives were synthesized and characterized at the first time.Then four 1,3,6,8-tetrapyrene-based polyphenylene dendrimers(PYPPDs)with different peripheral chromophores(PCs)were synthesized and characterized.We also synthesized two nanographenes modulated by rational functional groups.Some of them have been employed in PSCs as HTMs.