Study On The Pricing Method Of Urban Custom Bus

Because of the increasing economic level of the residents in China,the number of urban private cars has risen sharply,traffic congestion and the environmental pollution caused by vehicle exhaust emissions are becoming more and more obvious.Therefore,in order to promote people to travel in public transportation mode,developing diversified modes of transportation has become an important means to alleviate the road congestion problem.As one of the new and diversified modes of transportation,the custom public transport is gradually accepted by people for its unique advantages.The establishment of reasonable fares has become an important factor influencing the development of custom buses and increasing the share of its transport market.However,there is not much study on the problem of making reasonable bus fares,and there is no set of perfect pricing system and method.Therefore,in order to promote the development of customized public transport,this paper establishes a bi-level optimization model that aims to maximize the benefits of the company as the upper-level planning goal and the minimum cost of passenger travel to the lower-level planning.And it takes a certain bus line in Chongqing as an example to verify the rationality and feasibility of the method,thus providing a scientific basis for the scientific pricing of customized busFirst of all,based on the analysis of China's custom bus operation conditions and operating characteristics,the current custom bus ticket fare system and the impact of pricing factors are analyzed in detail.On the second,the pricing principles and methods of custom bus are summarized and analyzed.Based on the theory of passenger travel,analysis the influencing factors of passengers' travel choice and quantifying the relevant factors to establish generalized travel cost utility function.On the third,the paper establishes the bi-level programming model that the total revenue functions of bus companies are the maximum as the upper-level programming and the passengers of the generalized costs are the minimum as the lower-level programming.And according to the bi-level programming model to determine the model planning to select particle swarm optimization algorithm.And the paper gives the model algorithm concrete solving process.Finally,a certain public transport line in Chongqing is analyzed and verified by the model.By establishing a bi-level planning pricing model and using a modified particle swarm optimization algorithm,the results obtained are in good agreement with the actual results,which shows that the proposed method is feasible.