Research On The Preparation And Antifouling Performance Of An Elastic Antifouling Composite Film

The fouling organisms that adhere to the surfaces of ships,warships,and various marine facilities and equipment will have a serious impact on the speed and performance of ships,and will seriously restrict the development of China's marine transportation industry and the exploitation and utilization of marine resources.The method of suppressing fouling organisms which reliance on the toxicity of antifouling paints has been phased out because of its pollution of the marine environment.The development of new materials,technologies and methods with broad spectrum,high efficiency and environmental protection will save energy and reduce consumption of our ships and related marine facilities,also improve equipment reliability and durability,enhance ship mobility and combat capabilities.It will have a positive and far-reaching impact,and will has great economic benefits and significant strategic significance.Many animals and plants in the ocean naturally have the ability to prevent marine biofouling.Inspired by nature,this paper is based on the principle of bionics,using dolphins and corals as a bionic prototype to prepare a new marine antifouling elastic composite membrane.The elastic anti-fouling composite film is prepared by compounding several materials,it uses room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber as a matrix material of the composite film,and an organosilicon quaternary ammonium salt as a bacteriostasis filler,and the graphene is added to the matrix material to modify the mechanical properties of the composite material.The elastic anti-fouling composite film has high elasticity similar to the dolphin skin,it can release the antibacterial agent to effectively inhibit the adhesion of marine bacteria on the film surface.The graphene dispersive electron microscopy observations of the prepared GP film with pure silicon rubber and graphene contents of 0.18%,0.36% and 0.72% were carried out by scanning electron microscopy.The test results showed that the graphene content was below 0.36%.At the same time,the dispersion of graphene in the matrix is better,and there is no agglomeration phenomenon;the contact angle and surface energy test show that the addition of graphene can improve the contact angle of GP film and reduce the surface energy of GP film.When the addition amount of graphene is 0.36%,the GP film has both a larger contact angle and a low surface energy.The GP film and elastic anti-fouling composite film were tested by electron universal testing machine.The results showed that: adding graphene can improve the mechanical properties of greenhouse vulcanized silicone rubber,and also can reduce the tensile modulus of silicone rubber and compression of elastic modulus,and the addition of organosilicon quaternary ammonium bacteriostatic agents have little effect on the tensile and compressive modulus of the elastomeric antifouling composite membrane,and almost do not affect its mechanical properties.Through dynamic and static antifouling and antibacterial comparative tests,the pure silicone rubber membranes,GP membranes with different graphene contents,and antibacterial membranes with different contents of antibacterial agents were compared on the surface after 140 hours of antifouling and antibacterial tests.The number of bacterial adhesions and OD values were determined by this test.The test results show that the antifouling and antibacterial effect of the elastic antifouling composite membrane in the dynamic flow environment is better than that in the static flow environment.In the static flow environment,the elastic antifouling composite membrane effectively inhibits the adhesion of bacterias by releasing the antibacterial agent.In the dynamic water flow environment,in addition to anti-fouling composite membrane released by the inhibition of bacteria,the main surface deformation occurs through the elastic matrix,forming an unstable surface to inhibit the adhesion of bacteria on the surface.In addition,based on the coupled calculation of EDEM-FLUENT,a simulation experiment was conducted on the behavior of the elastic wall to inhibit bacterial adhesion.The simulation results show that under the impact of dynamic water flow,the smaller the elastic modulus,the stronger the ability of the elastic wall to inhibit the adhesion of bacterial particles on its surface.The simulation results are consistent with the results of the dynamic and static antifouling and antibacterial tests.