Research On Relative Navigation For Spacecraft Autonomous Rendezvous And Docking

The autonomous rendezvous and docking technology plays a very important role in many space missions such as on-orbit maintenance,fuel adding and space debris cleaning.To establish a low-power,low-cost,low-complexity and high reliability scheme for relative navigation,this paper utilizes an optimal camera,which is the only available sensor for relative measurement,to achieve the relative navigation of close range rendezvous and docking.This paper proposes angles-only navigation method.The main work of this paper is listed as follow:The dynamic model of angles-only navigation method is derived,which includes the orbital motion equations,attitude motion equations and the linearized differential equations,i.e.,the C-W equations,and the models of sensors and actuators.The filter algorithm for relative navigation is formulated and the observation equation of angles-only navigation is derived.Using the observation equation,the observability analysis of this method is conducted and the observability criteria and degree of observability model have been presented.The elaborated model for angles-only navigation filter is derived.To evaluate performance of the prototype angles-only navigation filter,a reference rendezvous and docking mission is planned and the simplified corresponding guidance law and control algorithm are designed.Monte Carlo simulation method is introduced in this paper and the performance evaluated indicator of navigation results is proposed.The validity of the prototype navigation method is verified by Monte Carlo simulations.