Research On Acoustic Source Localization Based On Beamforming And Quantitative Methods

Acoustic source localization is one of the aims of noise source identification,the location of the noise source distribution and intensity of quantitative results can be obtained by beamforming through non-contact measurement.It is important for the effective implement of the vibration and noise reduction measures to identify the main noise source.This paper studies the array performance of multiple one-dimensional,two-dimensional and three-dimensional arrays,thus developing the array performance analysis platform.This is the first time to comprehensively simulate single and multiple beamformer and their quantitative methods for plane wave and sphere wave model,dealing with far field plane wave acoustic source localization and near field spherical wave acoustic source localization,respectively.A two-dimensional grid array was designed and tested for acoustic source localization,and the acoustic source localization of air compressor was achieved.The detail research work mainly includes:(1)For one-dimensional array,the array performance of one-dimensional homogeneous array and one-dimensional non-uniform array was studied,meanwhile,the array pattern and the maximum sidelobe level of one-dimensional homogeneous array were analyzed.For two-dimensional array,2-D grid array,2-D cross array,2-D circular array,2-D ring array,2-D wheel array,2-D L array and 2-D random array were designed to study their array performance.For three-dimensional array,3-D grid array,3-D cross array,3-D ring array,3-D wheel array and 3-D random array were designed to match with each two-dimensional array,and compare with the array performance of each two-dimensional array.Based on LabVIEW,to integrate all array performance simulation program,the array performance analysis platform was developed.(2)The array geometry parameters,including the shape pattern of array,the distance of array element,the size of array,the array aperture and the number of array elements,were introduced.Besides,the array performance parameters such as array directivity function,array spatial resolution,array pattern and maximum sidelobe level were derived.The influence of the acoustic source frequency,the array size,the number of array elements on array directivity function and the number of array elements on the upper limiting frequency were illustrated by the example of two-dimensional grid array.(3)Based on the model of plane wave,the results of acoustic source localization with the time domain beamforming were obtained through delay and sum algorithm when using the x and y coordinates of scanning points on acoustic source reconstruction surface as scanning parameters.And when using the spherical angles as scanning parameters,the researches on acoustic source localization with one-dimensional and two-dimensional frequency domain beamforming and MUSIC algorithm based on high resolution spectrum estimation were conducted,respectively.(4)Based on the model of spherical wave,the results of single acoustic source localization with the time domain beamforming were obtained.As for the multiple acoustic source localization,simulation of multiple acoustic source on the same acoustic source plane,multiple acoustic source with different frequency,acoustic source longitudinal distance and intensity of acoustic source,and joint simulation of multiple acoustic source localization with all factors has been carried out.In addition,the single and multiple acoustic source localization and quantitative methods with the frequency domain beamforming,power spectrum beamforming and the amplitude imaging function beamforming were studied,respectively.(5)A two-dimensional grid array was designed,the data acquisition and data processing software platform was developed to propose an economic and feasible array imaging solution.Based on the array test system,an experiment of single speaker acoustic localization was conducted to verify the reliability and accuracy of the array and the relevant software platform.(6)Using the time domain implementation method based on finite impulse response filter,the acoustic source localization with broadband beamforming and its quantitative method were achieved to solve broadband speaker acoustic source localization.The results were applied on air compressor to find the main noise source location and obtain its quantitative results.