Study On The Eluation And Optimization Method Of Special Traffic Safety Facilities Of Extra Long Tunnel

With the rapid development of transportation in China,tunnels have become an extremely important part of transportation and play an irreplaceable role in shortening transportation distance,reducing transportation time,improving road linearity,and protecting the environment.However,due to the intrinsic properties of the tunnel,especially the extra long tunnel itself,traffic accidents are frequent and become a bottleneck to curb the development of highway tunnels.In fact,the reasonable choice and set up traffic safety facilities in the extra long tunnel is one of the effective means to improve traffic safety.But in view of the problems such as the choice and set of extra long tunnel traffic safety facilities,domestic standard only for base safety facilicites applications to make relevant regulation,there is no standard for special traffic safety facilities,moreover,the research on the actual application and evaluate optimization of tunnel special facilities unformed system.Therefore,in order to improve the safety of tunnel traffic,this paper focuses on the special tunnels as the foundation,around the core of the general method of special traffic safety comprehensive evaluation and optimization to carry out the research,and solves question of the evaluation of the traffic safety facilities for the extra long tunnels.It mainly includes the following aspects:(1)According to the research status of tunnel traffic safety at home and abroad,study the tunnel traffic environment,characteristics of accidents,characteristics of drivers' behavior,determine the driver's demand for traffic safety facilities inside the tunnel,and based on human factors engineering to solve traffic accident that caused by the complex traffic environment of the tunnel.Three types of special traffic safety facilities are proposed: tunnel retro-reflective arch,tunnel raised pavement markers and tunnel outline markers.(2)Around three kinds of special facilities of the tunnel retro-reflective arch,tunnel raised pavement markers and tunnel outline markers,using driving simulation technology combined with 3D technology and API functions to build the tunnel simulation scenarios,and through the driving simulation experiments to obtain the driver's behavior and visual data.Selecting six evaluation indicators,using descriptive analysis,significant analysis,TOPSIS and other methods to conduct feasibility demonstration for three types of facilities,and draw the conclusion that the effect of special facilities can significantly improve the comprehensive level of the tunnel.(3)Focusing on the feasibility analysis of special facilities,the paper firstly uses a variety of methods to determine the different setup options for the three special facilities,and then uses the driving simulation experiment to obtain the driver's behavior and visual data.Using the analysis methods of repeated measures analysis of variance and paired T-test,the comprehensive effects of different alternatives for three kinds of special facilities were studied.Finally,based on the combination of matter element and entropy method,the ETEW comprehensive evaluation model was established to classify the different alternatives of the three facilities and obtain the optimal setting alternative.The paper makes use of the evaluation and optimization research on the optimum setting of special traffic safety facilities for extra long tunnels.It is expected to form three achievements: 1)based on human factors engineering tunnel facility demand analysis and program design;2)feasible combination of driving simulation technology and TOPSIS sexual demonstration;3)The general method of evaluation optimization combined with driving simulation technology and ETEW comprehensive assessment model,lays the theoretical foundation for practical engineering application.