Research On The Online Detection And Error Compensation Technology For Complex Surface Of Aeronautical Structural Parts

Aeronautical structural parts with complex surface are widely used in the field of aerospace.But the strict requirement on high dimensional accuracy brings serious challenge to the machining of these components.How to improve the machining accuracy has always been one of the key problems in aerospace manufacturing field.Aimed to the quality control in the machining of aeronautical structural parts with complex surface,the online detection method integrated of "machining-detection" is utilized in this paper,and investigations on the automatic path planning,error calibration and compensation of the detection path,and the uniform of machining allowance are undertaken.The main research work are as follows:(1)Automatic planning of measurement path.Starting from different aspects of the automatic planning process involving measurement trajectories,this paper studies the rapid generation of detection points,the automatic placement of detection points,the automatic planning of measurement path and the simulation of measurement trajectories.The automatic planning of measurement path based on online detection is proposed.Rapid generation and simulation of detection path under the condition of no-collision for complex surface are realized.(2)Calibration and compensation of machine error and probe error.Focusing on the problem of online detection accuracy,the main factors affect the online detection accuracy such as machine error and probe error are analyzed.A method of calibration and compensation of the errors of machine tool and probe is proposed,then the accurate collection of detection points is achieved.(3)Optimization of machining allowance for complex surface based on online detection.In order to realize uniform distribution of machining allowance,a mathematic model based on the margin optimization method is established,and the distance between the detection point and the nearest point of the theoretical model is calculated.The optimal solution of the surface allowance under the constraint is converted into that under the unconstrained.It brings a substantial increase in the cumulative iterative calculation efficiency.In addition,the optimized position of the component with uniformed allowance of complex surface is obtained by adjusting the coordinate system.Finally,a typical component with complicated surface is machined and detected online,and it verifies the feasibility of the above method.