Research On Optimization Technology Of WSN Based On UAV

Wireless sensor network(WSN)is a hotspot of experts and scholars in various countries in recent years,and has a wide application space.Its outstanding feature is the ability to collect,analyze,process,store and forward data for unknown environments in unknown areas.However,with the fast development of Internet of Things(IoT)and wireless communication technologies,information required to be perceived keeps expanding in both amount and diversity,which results in the complexity for efficiently collecting real-time information.Meanwhile,as a maneuver-deployed aerial platform,unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)can be employed to aid real-time information collecting and transmitting among remote sensors easily.Therefore,it is important to study the combination of drone technology and traditional WSN to achieve the purpose of optimizing the performance of WSN.The main work of this paper is to with the aid of UAV technology to optimize the delay and energy efficiency problems in the traditional WSN.We study and analyze the corresponding problems in the UAV static and mobile scenarios separately to reduce the network transmission delay and extend the life cycle of the network,which mainly include the following two aspects:We introduce the small world characteristics into the traditional WSN using UAV to reduce the network average path length and the network transmission delay in the UAV static scenario.Firstly,combined with the distribution of ground sensor nodes and the air-ground channel model to optimize the placement position of UAV for constructing Small World Network.To determine the three-dimensional position of the UAV,the problem is decoupled into horizontal and vertical dimensions.Then based on the location of the UAV and the directionality of data transmission,a small world network construction algorithm is proposed,which makes the traditional wireless sensor network have small world characteristics.Through simulation analysis,we can find that the transmission delay of the entire network is reduced,with the increase of the throughput of the network for the WSN with small world characteristics.In the mobile UAV scenario,an energy-efficient information transmission and collection scheme was designed.Firstly,to cluster the sensor nodes effectively and select cluster heads reasonably,we desigins a K-Means++ clustering scheme based on the optimal number of cluster heads and an improved cluster head selection scheme based on LEACH.Then,with the objective function of the shortest flight path,the ant colony algorithm(ACO)is used to optimize the path of the UAV to assist the collection and transmission of information.Through simulation analysis,we can find that compared with the traditional LEACH and LEACH-C algorithms,this model can balance the energy consumption of the entire network to a certain extent,improve the throughput of the network,importantly,prolong the survival time of the entire network.