Numerical Simulation Study On Natural Smoke Exhaust Efficiency Of The Arc-Shaped Facade Airport Terminal Under The Influence Of Surrounding Wind

The airport terminal is an important part of the airport.As an important place for air and land transfer,it is an image of the city and an important channel for displaying local characteristics.The natural smoke exhaust is used in the public area of the airport terminal,the surrounding wind and control modes of smoke exhaust windows will affect the smoke exhaust efficiency,especially in the arc-shaped facade terminal.Taken an arc-shaped facade airport terminal as the research object,smoke exhaust windows in the arc-shaped area of the waiting corridor are divided to control the opening and closing,a total of 97 fire scenarios are designed.The FDS software is used to study the smoke extraction efficiency.The influence of surrounding wind and smoke density and fire power on the hazard occurrence time is analyzed.The research indicates:(1)The surrounding wind has a great influence on the natural smoke exhausting efficiency of the arc-shaped facade airport terminal.When the wind speed in the normal direction of the high side smoke exhaust windows near the fire source is too large,the smoke will be poured back and the personnel will not be safely evacuated.(2)When the surrounding wind speed is too large,the method of segmentally controlling the high side smoke exhaust windows of the arc-shaped facade terminal can effectively reduce the influence of surrounding wind.The segmented control modes are better than the non-segmented control modes.The control strategy of the smoke exhaust windows is proposed.It is recommended to install wind speed and direction sensors in every group of smoke exhaust windows,and set appropriate fire detection equipment in the airport terminal to determine the specific location of the fire,then achieving optimal control.(3)When the wind speed in the normal direction is less than 5 m/s,the smoke exhaust windows can effectively exhaust smoke in control modes and the non-segmented control modes.When the speed exceeds lOm/s,the high side exhaust windows must be closed to avoid the smoke backflow.(4)Under the adverse conditions of the normal surrounding wind,as the fire power increases as the hazard occurrence time decreases and the smoke exhausted efficiency deteriorates,fire disaster occurred in the area of the waiting corridor with different fire power.When the fire power is between 4.5 MW and 10.0 MW,the function:t=338exp(-Q/4.80)+197.5 is applied between the hazard occurrence time t and the fire source power Q.At the same surrounding wind speed,the hazard occurrence time decreases with the increase of fire smoke.The hazard occurrence time increases first and then decreases with the surrounding wind speed increasing under the same smoke density.When the smoke density is between 0.05 and 0.20,the function:t=Aexp(-v/B)+C is applied between the hazard occurrence time t,and the surrounding wind speed v,and the function:tmax=-3018x+1030.5 is applied between the maximum hazard occurrence time tmax and the smoke density x.The waiting corridor of airport terminal should be controlled the type and quantity of combustible materials,and restricted to use items of high smoke density and high heat.This study can provide some reference for related engineering projects and provide reference for the optimal control of smoke exhaust windows.