Research On Spacecraft Magnetic Field Simulation Test Device

In space science detection field,the magnetic field generated by spacecraft due to its own material properties and internal current system affects detection results of many sensors through magnetic field superposition,Lorentz force,and atomic layer physical effects.Spacecraft used in the space science exploration of the project generally carried out a full magnetic clean design.At the same time,the magnetic field interference of the spacecraft itself was reduced by means of extension rods,component layout optimization,magnetic shielding and compensation.Analysis of the spacecraft magnetic field effect is generally carried out by means of simulation.However,there is no method for experimental simulation and real-time optimization using a test device at present.This research designed a set of simulation test devices for the internal spacecraft magnetic field.According to the actual space detection background,two kinds of test cases using this device to solve practical problems were designed.Effectiveness of the device for optimizing the magnetic field and magnetic field interference reduction of the spacecraft was verified by the combination of simulation and test.Based on the multi-dipole model of the magnetic source inside the spacecraft and the physical description of the spherical harmonic model,this paper developed a test system based on an aluminum alloy frame and a small standard coil.The position of the coil could be accurately positioned by the aluminum alloy frame,and a magnetic source of direct current and alternating current was realized by applying different types of currents.This framework could be expanded to required spacecraft size.Based on this device,the satellite magnetic field inversion algorithm and the verification test of the low magnetic field active compensation method inside the spacecraft were carried out.Firstly,validity of the method was verified by calculation,and the magnetic sensor and the configuration and installation method of the coil were optimized.Then the actual test was carried out by using the device,and the feasibility of the device was verified by comparison with the simulation results.This report draws the following conclusions:(1)The spacecraft magnetic field simulation test device can effectively simulate the internal magnetic source of the spacecraft,and has quantitative measurement and scalability,which can meet the requirements of various types of simulation,inversion and compensation of spacecraft magnetic fields.(2)Experimental results of the satellite magnetic field inversion algorithm verify that after using two or three magnetic sensors placed at a certain distance away from the satellite,the dipole can be used to approximate the satellite magnetic field to eliminate the interference of the satellite magnetic field.The three probe data can be more accurately inverted than the two probe data.(3)Results of active compensation of low magnetic field inside the spacecraft verify that the active compensation coil can effectively construct a magnetic field and magnetic field gradient significantly reduced in the complex magnetic environment inside the spacecraft.