The Economical Study Of Arctic Route Under The Emission Reduction Policy

In recent years,China's port transportation has maintained a rapid development trend.In order to obtain economies of scale,more and more large and super large ships have been put into use.However,because some ports are constrained by natural conditions or taking into account the cost of channel construction,the width of the channel in the port is limited and the water depth is limited too.The service efficiency of the port decreases accordingly.Limited channel width leads to the generation of narrow channels,and limited channel depth makes large ships need to take the tide to enter and exit the port.In the actual port ship dispatching,the two limiting factors,narrow channels and tide,often lead to the serious waiting situation of ships,and the non-operating time of ships in the port is extended accordingly,thus resulting in the economic loss of the ship and the waste of port resources.Making full use of the conditions of narrow channel and tide,designing the entry and exit plans for all ships with different draft and different speed can effectively reduce the ship's fuel consumption and waiting time,reduce the economic cost and increase the port's service capacity for ships.In this context,firstly,this paper reviewed the research literature on tide riding,narrow channel and ship dispatching in recent years,and summarized the current research status of tide riding,ship operation in narrow channel and the scheduling algorithm of ship entry and exit.Secondly,through the investigation of Xiamen port and Xiamen pilot station,the entry and exit ships are organized reasonably.Based on the principles of safety,efficiency and fairness,three objective functions are proposed: the shortest ship scheduling time,the shortest ship waiting time and the minimum waiting time difference.According to the relevant regulations of tide entry and exit for ships in narrow channels,this paper establishes a model of ship's tide dispatching in narrow channels,which is based on Restrictions of berthing conditions,turning around in the port of the ship,navigation closure in the narrow channel,priority of the ship,riding tide level,safe distance in the channel.This paper designed the corresponding multi-objective genetic algorithm for ship scheduling and implemented the program.Finally,this paper conducted a verification analyzed the ship dispatching of Haicang wharf of Xiamen port.The results show that the total scheduling time,waiting time and waiting time difference are more reasonable and fair than the traditional one.The main innovations of this paper are as follows:(1)Based on the actual investigation,a reasonable ship classification standard is proposed,so as to build a ship scheduling model and verify it through an example.(2)In the design of the cross-over operator of multi-objective genetic algorithm for ship scheduling,this paper proposes to use the analogy Partially Matched Exchange(PMX)crossover operator in ship scheduling in the maritime field.The scheduling model in this paper adopts the natural number coding of ship arrangement.Analogy PMX crossover operator can not only satisfy the natural coding mode,but also get rid of the limitation of the traditional crossover operator to the population diversity,and can speed up the convergence of the algorithm,increasing the global search ability of the algorithm.