Study Of Supercapacitor With High Specific Energy

Recently,there has been an increased interest in rechargeable energy sources,which have a high specific power,capable of operating in a wide temperature range and do not change their parameters for a long period of operation.The technical solution to this problem is associated with the use of supercapacitors.Electrochemical double-layer capacitors or supercapacitors are rechargeable energy sources that can withstand 106 charge/discharge cycles without changing their parameters.Their efficiency is close to 95%,and the temperature range is in the range from – 500 C to + 800 C.It should be noted that along with a high specific power up to 15 k W/kg,their specific energy consumption does not exceed 6 W*h/kg.Work to increase the specific energy consumption of supercapacitors is intensively carried out in all leading manufacturers of supercapacitors.The search for ways to increase energy intensity is one of the urgent tasks of modern energy.One of the promising areas that can improve the parameters of supercapacitors is the search for the optimal porous structure of carbon materials and the optimal carbon content in the electrodes.The development and application of electrodes with a high concentration of activated carbon material in the carbon-containing component of electrodes with a thickness of more than 100?m allows to create supercapacitors with a high specific capacity.The development of scientific research and engineering work in this direction will allow in the near future to create a new generation of symmetrical supercapacitors with high energy consumption,which will be able to replace the batteries.In this paper,the author focused on the creation of supercapacitors with high specific energy intensity.1.The first experiment was the synthesis of new materials with a high surface area and a given pore size distribution.In this paper we propose an approach to change the porous structure of the carbon material,which ultimately leads to an increase in the specific energy intensity of the supercapacitor.On the example of the electrochemical system porous carbon electrode / organic electrolyte is shown that the maximum capacity is achieved when the pores of the carbon material are equally available for both cations and anions.It is shown that not only the pore area,but also the surface of the carbon powder from which the electrodes are made,has a significant effect on the capacitance of the supercapacitor.It is shown that the specific capacity of the electrochemical system porous carbon electrode/organic electrolyte is nonlinear depending on the pore size and takes the maximum value when the pores are equally accessible to cations and electrolyte anions.Studies have shown that the most used in practice of the electrolyte(Et4N?F4)optimal pore size of the carbon material is in the range of from 3-6 nm;2.It is proposed to Increase the concentration of the active carbon substance by increasing the concentration of activated carbon in the electrodes and by increasing the thickness of the electrodes.Was able to calculate the optimal thickness of the carbonaceous component of the electrode is equal to 480?m see the capacity of the layout of the supercapacitor has to be equal to 480 F,and the weight of the product amounted to 33.5g.The specific energy intensity of such a supercapacitor is 14.5 W*h/kg,which is 2.4 times more than the best modern industrial supercapacitors.As shown by the tests of the supercapacitor,despite the low specific current density(only 5m A/cm2),the supercapacitor is able to discharge and charge currents up to 2A without loss of capacity.