Landscape Assessment And Design On China-Pakistan Karakorum Highway

China-Pakistan Karakorum Highway-KKH is the only terrestrial corridor to connect China and Pakistan,which has the vital strategic and martial significance.KKH cuts through the three highest mountains in the world,Himalaya Mountain,Hindukushi Mountain and Karakorum Mountain,so the natural landscape is magnificent and plentiful.Furthermore,KKH spreads along the old silk route,so the cultural landscape is also historic and attractive.By the method of field investigation,theoretic analysis and questionnaire,we carried out the landscape assessment and design along KKH.Firstly,we assessed the landscape quality from the view of macro and micro,macro view assessment was implemented by AHP and fuzzy mathematics,and micro view assessment by the method of photography simulation of average distance along KKH;Secondly,we provided the concept and guideline of landscape planning according to the result of macro view assessment,and provided the specific locations of view points based on the result of micro view assessment;Finally,we carried out the special design on those view points along KKHThe results indicate:(1)The landscape along KKH can be divided into four landscape sections,the landscape quality of Khunjerab Natural landscape characteristic section and Hunza-Gilgit cultural landscape characteristic section is best,and 'the landscape quality of Sust-Hunza landscape transition section is good,while which in Gilgit-Raikot is bad;(2)Accordingly,we provided the concept of landscape planning,which is a new silk route embodying the friendship between China and Pakistan,with respecting the natural beauty and showing the historic history;(3)By the assessment of micro view,we found that the quality of sections of K505?K537+600?K599?K609?K643?K686?K728?K766?K811+340 is best,furthermore,we selected 6 sections to locate the view points combination with highway grade,traffic safety,traffic flow,landform,landscape character;(4)Take Hunza sacred rock cultural view point and Rakposhi Glacier natural view point as case studies,we carried out the detailed design and implemented into the practice.The innovation of this research is the concept of comprehensive landscape assessment,planning and design,and which has been applied to KKH landscape construction successfully.