Research On The Fabrication Of Triboelectric Nanogenerator And Its Energy Harvesting Technology

Due to the abundant mechanical energy in the rail transit environment,the mechanical energy is converted into electric energy through the Triboelectric Nanogenerator energy collection technology,which provides a new solution for the self-power supply of the sensor in the track health monitoring.Based on theoretical analysis,simulation calculation and experimental verification,the friction material and preparation process of TENG are analyzed and studied.According to the output characteristics of the generator,the TENG energy extraction circuit is designed to form the energy acquisition system.In addition,this dissertation designs an ultra-low-power acceleration acquisition system,collects rail acceleration information to provide data support for subsequent orbital health monitoring,and studies the feasibility of using the Triboelectric Nanogenerator energy acquisition system.In this dissertation,a silicon template of "inverted pyramid(cone)" pattern was prepared by etching on silicon wafer,and then the "inverted pyramid(cone)" pattern on the template was copied onto the PDMS film by template transfer method.The preparation of the micro-nano pattern on the surface of the PDMS film of the nano-friction generator,and the preparation of the electrode layer having the micron-scale pattern by photolithography and the like using a conventional printed circuit board process.According to the structure of the friction layer and the electrode,the TENG structure and output characteristics are analyzed.The TENG electrical equivalent model is introduced The output characteristics of TENG are analyzed and studied.The impedance matching and optimal load are applied to the output electrical characteristics of TENG.Research on maximum power transfer.Analysis and comparison of two energy harvesting mode and choose the optimum energy extraction bridge rectifier as a way to extract energy strategy.The existing vibration energy harvester adopts piezoelectric cantilever beam structure.By comparing and analyzing the output performance of TENG and piezoelectric cantilever beam,the piezoelectric cantilever beam has certain advantages in collecting vibration energy of single frequency(cantilever beam resonance frequency).When the frequency shifts to the resonant frequency,the output voltage and energy decay rapidly until it is zero,which is detrimental to the various frequency vibrational energies present in the collection environment,while TENG can be collected because the output voltage is insensitive to frequency.Mechanical energy at any frequency,at the expense of the resonant frequency,achieves wide-band,multi-scale mechanical energy harvesting.According to the output characteristics of TENG,theoretical research is carried out,and the load matching and storage scheme based on rectifier bridge is optimized.An energy management circuit suitable for TENG is designed with amaximum collection power of 1.3mW.Finally,an acceleration signal acquisition system based on ADrs ultra-low power processor ADuC7024 and acceleration sensor ADXL345 is designed to collecttheorbital vibration acceleration,and verify the feasibility of the friction nanogenerator energy acquisition system designed for the sensor.