Study On The Car-following Model Under Ice And Snow Conditions With Consideration Of Driver Behavior Characteristics

Under ice and snow conditions,the road conditions deteriorate,and the driver's operation tends to be cautious.However,the characteristics of the drivers car-following behavior are very different,and the degree of influence on the traffic flow operation is significantly different.Compared with normal weather conditions,urban winter traffic congestion and traffic safety in the north cold area are becoming more and more serious.Studying the behavioral characteristics of drivers under ice and snow conditions has certain theoretical and practical significance for enriching the theory of traffic flow and alleviating urban traffic congestion in north cold area.Based on the study of driver behavior characteristics under normal weather and snow and ice weather conditions,this paper analyzes the mechanism of ice and snow conditions affecting the behavior characteristics of various drivers.Based on the behavior characteristics of different types of drivers under ice and snow conditions,The task difficulty equilibrium theory is used to construct the car following model considering the driver's behavior characteristics under the condition of ice and snow,which provides theoretical support for traffic control and driver behavior specification under ice and snow conditions.This paper first uses subjective evaluation and objective evaluation to divide the driving style of the tested driver.The subjective evaluation method is to obtain the driver-related information through the driving behavior questionnaire,and classify according to the subjective self-evaluation of the tested driver,thereby establishing the relationship between the driver behavior and the driver type characteristics.The objective evaluation is to collect the operational behavior data of the tested driver by designing the car following experiment,and to determine the driving style of the tested driver.The comparative analysis found that the driving style obtained by the two methods are highly consistent,which proves that the driver has a clear understanding of the degree of self-excitation.The driving style classification method based on subjective evaluation can effectively divide the driving style.At the same time,it also proves that the driving style division method based on measured data is reasonable and effective.Then,based on the division of the driver's driving style,the driver is organized to carry out the car following experiment under the condition of ice and snow,and the driver's car-following behavior data is collected,starting from the three modes of stable car-following,acceleration and deceleration,the differences of car-following behavior between different driving style drivers under normal weather and snow and ice weather are analyzed.It is found that under the condition of stable car-following,most drivers increase the time headway under ice and snow conditions,but the fluctuation range is narrowed;The driver's driving behavior of the cautious driver is greatly adjusted.In the deceleration state,the minimum TTC increases with the increase of the degree of the aggressive,and the maximum deceleration reduction is consistent.The minimum distance headway and maximum acceleration change irregularly under acceleration state.Driver operations are generally more cautious.Finally,the human factor module is constructed by using the task difficulty equilibrium theory,and it is introduced into the improved IDM model.The car-following model considering the driver's behavior characteristics under ice and snow conditions is constructed.The model is calibrated using vehicle trajectory data,which verified that the introduced human factor parameters can better reflect the changes in driver behavior.Using the model with well-calibrated parameters to simulate the remaining trajectory data of the driver,the new model performs better than the traditional IDM model in any scene and exhibits better robustness.