POE-based Evaluation Of The Spatial Visual Landscape Quality Of Tianfu Park In Chengdu

With the development,expansion and population gathering of the city,the lake has become an important urban landscape,and the lakeside space has become a leisure space beloved by the citizens.The visual quality of the spatial landscape of the lakeside of a city is related to the impression of a city,the happiness index of the surrounding living people,and the ecological effect of the lake itself.The study on the visual quality of lakeside landscape can provide reference and basis for similar landscape construction.This paper aims to build an evaluation method system of the spatial landscape quality of the lakeside of the city through the research on the spatial landscape evaluation of tianfu park.Therefore,starting from the constituent elements of the lakeside space,this paper evaluates the lakeside space of tianfu park by combining subjective and objective,qualitative and quantitative methods based on the POE evaluation theory.The main evaluation methods include behavioral observation,structural questionnaire,interview and psychophysical evaluation(SBE and SD).The results of behavior survey show that the visitors are mainly adults and the elderly.The main activities are from 8:00 to 10:00 and 18:00-20:00.The largest number of visitors remained at lai chong tai(area C);There are 19 main types of activities: walking(fitness),talking,photographing,viewing and resting,which account for 61.30% of the total number of people.The results of the questionnaire survey show that the overall rating of tianfu park is3.97,and the evaluation result is good.The line of sight is broad degree(4.84),greening landscape contour line(4.43),lakes such(4.40),the overall layout of the park(4.36),near lake building contour line score(4.32)is higher,toilets and distribution(2.95),the number of rest facilities and distribution(3.07),the number of children’s play facilities and distribution(3.09),the number of fitness facilities and distribution(3.14),the number of cultural leisure places and distribution(3.34)have lower scores.The results of comprehensive evaluation show that the scores of form elements,natural landscape elements and some functional elements of landscape are high,while the scores of facility factors in humanistic landscape elements and functional elements of landscape are low.The comprehensive evaluation data analysis shows that the visual quality of the lakeside landscape can be determined by five common factors: environment and safety,facilities and culture,traffic accessibility,landscape form and landscape color.The analysis of the interview results shows that the tourists have higher recognition of the overall visual quality of the lakeside landscape of tianfu park.Five indicators,including the number and distribution of toilets,the number and distribution of rest facilities,the number and distribution of children’s game facilities,the number and distribution of cultural leisure places,and the number and distribution of fitness facilities,are not recognized as high,that is,the number and distribution of facilities in the lakeside space is insufficient,which needs to be improved in the future.The results of psychophysical evaluation show that :(1)the SBE method has the lowest score of-1.37.Sample number 18 had the highest score,at 1.87.Among them,there are 10 sites with a score of 0 or above,accounting for 45% of the total.The visual landscape quality of lakeside space is generally average.(2)in the SD evaluation results,the frequency of low score of sample number 13 is higher,and the frequency of high score of sample number 18 is higher,which is consistent with the SBE score.Color,noise,convenience,clean environment,landscape vision and psychological feelings of visitors are the main factors influencing SBE value.The visual quality of the lakeside landscape can be determined by four common factors: visual perception,plant and psychology,accessibility and safety,health and noise.The results of the above four analyses show that the psychophysical evaluation score is slightly lower than POE.The main factors influencing the evaluation results of POE method are objective factors,that is,the objective environment,such as park facilities,traffic,landscape forms and cultural landscape,is more important than other indicators.People’s subjective perception,such as visual perception and psychological factors,has great influence on the results of psychophysical evaluation.Thus it can be seen that the comprehensive evaluation of the visual quality of the lakeside landscape can be achieved by the multiple composite method combining POE evaluation method and psychophysical evaluation method.