Contact Mechanics Analysis Of Dust Adhesion On Solar Panels In High Altitude Desert Area

With the continuous popularization and development of the photovoltaic industry,it is accompanied by a series of problems that restrict the development of the photovoltaic industry.In recent years,these problems have gradually become the focus of researchers.The photovoltaic power station located in the northwestern region continues to grow and develop with its geographical advantages such as high altitude,strong irradiance and so on.Therefore,due to the shortcomings of its geographical location,some problems have arisen,which has hindered the rise of the economic benefits of the photovoltaic industry.Dust deposition on the surface of the solar panel has become one of the most important problems that restrict the development of the photovoltaic industry in high-altitude desert areas.In this paper,based on the research on the adhesion mechanism between dust particles and solar panels,the influence of dust deposition on the power generation efficiency of PV modules was analyzed.Based on the theoretical analysis,the dust cleaning experiment of the solar panels was designed.This paper has studied from the following aspects:1.Firstly reasons of dust deposition,way of dust deposition and dust deposition process on the surface of the solar panel were studied,and the composition of the dust particle samples was analyzed from the Golmud photovoltaic power plant panel.Through the analysis of the components of the dust particle sample,the dust particle component is mainly composed of SiO₂ and a carbonate substance,so that the dust particles are alkaline.Observation by XSP-35T microscope revealed that the dust particles showed a very irregular shape,and the morphology of each dust particle was very different,so this paper studies the irregular dust particle morphology equivalent to a sphere by the equivalent area method.Through the analysis of the particle size,the particle size of the dust particles in the region is generally distributed between2?m and 70?m,and the particle size are most concentrated between 24 and 30?m.2.Based on the classical adhesion theory,a microscopic Hertz-based adhesion contact model and a spring-damper-based adhesion contact model were established.The adhesion force between the dust particles and the solar panel was calculated by the adhesion model,and parameters of the dust particles and the solar panel,and the adhesion force is from 10^-9N to 10^-6N.In a certain dust particle size range,the adhesion becomes larger as the size of the dust particles becomes larger.The multi-particle dust particle and solar panel adhesion model was established based on the single dust particle and solar panel model.When the multi-particle accumulation on the surface of solar panel,the adhesion force is from10 to 10² N.This paper summarizes the measurement techniques of adhesion between micro-particles and solid interfaces,including AFM measurement technology,micromechanical separation technology,centrifugal separation measurement technology and laser separation measurement technology.3.The dust accumulation law of photovoltaic power station in high altitude desert area was analyzed,and the monthly dust content on the surface of the solar panel was found to be between 1⁷.2g/m².Taking the small photovoltaic power station on the roof as the test object,the influence of dust particles with different particle size and different dust accumulation on the power generation efficiency of the solar panel was analyzed.The dust accumulation of 4.5g and 7.2g caused the power reduction of PV modules to reach 5.7%and 8.6%respectively.And for the same amount of dust particle and dust of different particle sizes,the smaller the particle size,the greater the power generation efficiency of the solar panel is reduced.Water jet cleaning experiments were designed by analyzing the dust cleaning mechanism and process,and cleaning experiments were carried out using different types and concentrations of surfactants.