Research And Implementation Of Smart Substation Key Management System

As the key node of the smart grid,the safety and stability of smart substation operation is directly related to whether China can achieve the strategic goal of building a strong smart grid.With the frequent attacks on smart substation communication networks,smart substations are facing unprecedented security threats.The current research mostly ensures the smart substation communication security by encrypting and decrypting messages.Therefore,the security of communication is transferred to the security of the key.Therefore,researching and constructing a safe and reliable smart substation key management system is of great significance for ensuring the safe and stable operation of smart substation and building a strong smart grid.Aiming at the real-time requirements of IEC61850,the paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the symmetric key management scheme and the asymmetric key management scheme,and chooses the symmetric key management method to realize the basis of the smart substation key management system.Aiming at the requirements of IEC 62351 standard and communication security confidentiality,integrity and availability requirements,this paper establishes a smart substation key management model that takes into account both security and real-time,and separately identifies the key negotiation module and key distribution module in the key management system.The key update module performs the implementation process modeling.Aiming at the problem of key generation algorithm selection,the paper analyzes the possibility of applying the binary finite field symmetric polynomial algorithm and the ternary finite field symmetric polynomial algorithm to the smart substation key management system,and improves it to make it suitable for smart substation.The need for key management.For the key inconsistency problem that may exist in the key management process,the paper performs key confirmation processing on the generated key after completing each round of key functions to ensure that the key meets the consistency requirement.Aiming at the problem of inconsistent message encryption and decryption key in the process of smart substation key update,the paper analyzes the cause of the problem,and uses the smart substation high-precision GPS synchronous clock to solve the problem by using the key advance generation-delay update strategy.For the active attack defense problem,the paper analyzes the common active attack types,and selects different active attack defense methods to ensure the key has high security.According to the requirements of the smart substation key management system model,the paper uses FPGA chip as the key management system data processing chip,choose Verilog HDL as the development language,Quartus II as the development software,and Modelsim as the RTL simulation software.Using Quartus II to program each module of the key management system,using Modelsim to compare the experimental data,respectively,complete the software simulation of key negotiation,key distribution,key update,random number generation,replay attack,man-in-the-middle attack,etc.Experiments and success respectively.According to the results of software simulation experiments,the Cyclone II model FPGA and Cyclone IV model FPGA are selected as data processing chips.The above simulation experiments are tested by hardware and successfully obtained.It is proved that the paper can realize key management in software and hardware.Function,and has good real-time and security performance.