| In recent years,the influence of global warming on polar regions has become more and more obvious,especially in the Arctic region where the extent and thickness of summer sea ice have been decreasing in recent ten years,which greatly increased the possibility of opening the Arctic route.In addition,the mineral resources,biological resources,scientific research resources and strategic significance contained in the Arctic region have led many countries in the world to step up their exploration of the Arctic region.However,due to the late start of the research in the polar ice area in our country,the research foundation in this field is relatively weak.It is extremely urgent to carry out basic research on the design and construction of ships in the polar ice area as well as the ice breaking capability of ships and the prediction of ice resistance performance.For a long time,the research on ships in polar ice areas has focused on the fields of ship construction,hull structure and strength evaluation and the research on ship ice breaking performance under layer ice conditions,while the research on ship performance in polar broken ice areas is relatively few.However,with the changes of the sea ice in the Arctic region caused by the environmental climate and the deepening of the research,the study on the floating/broken ice region in the polar region has been continuously enriched in recent years.The ice resistance of ships sailing in the broken ice area is the primary issue to be considered by transport ships in the ice-breaking area.However,the research on ships in the ice-breaking area is still in the preliminary research and exploration stage in terms of the method of the ice tank test for ship models,theoretical research on ship-ice interaction and numerical simulation technology.There are still a large number of research technology short boards that need further exploration and research.In view of this,this paper carries out the research on the prediction technology of ship resistance performance in the polar floating and broken ice area.Taking a full-formed oil tanker in an ice area as the research object,a ship ice pool test was carried out in Hamburg pool(HSVA)of Germany under the crushed ice channel,and the process of the ice pool test and the corresponding test scheme were described in detail.At the same time,based on the idea of the Discrete Element Method(DEM),the interaction process between ships sailing in the floating ice area and broken ice is numerically simulated by the DEM,and the Chinese polar icebreaker "Ice Breaker Vessel" is used as the research object,three different contact models in the discrete element method are selected,and the influence of different contact models on the interaction form between ships and ice and the numerical change of resistance are verified.The ice resistance values obtained from different calculation models are compared with the empirical formula method and the optimal contact model suitable for the process of interaction between polar crushed ice and hull is selected.In the numerical simulation,the discrete element numerical model of floating ice and the numerical ice pool used for simulation calculation are constructed according to the ice pool test regulations and the corresponding ice level specifications.Based on the ice pool test of HSVA,the ice resistance of ships is calculated numerically under four different ice thickness conditions.The resistance curve of ships under different ice thickness conditions is obtained and compared with the ice pool test of HSVA and empirical formula method,thus verifying the accuracy of the nu,erical prediction method of ship ice resistance based on the discrete element method.In this paper,CFD technology and DEM method are combined to study the prediction of ship’s ice resistance performance in polar broken ice area,with ice pool test data as support and empirical formula method as referenc e,so as to provide data and technical support for ship’s preliminary design and navigation safety. |
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