Analysis Of Head And Lower Limb Injury In Vehicle To Pedestrian Collision In Typical Scenarios

In traffic accidents,as one of vulnerable road users,pedestrians face a higher risk of injury and death.According to the statistics of the World Health Organization in 2018,the number of deaths caused by traffic accidents has risen to 1.35 million each year,and the number of injuries has reached 50 million.Among all the deaths,the proportion of pedestrians has reached 23%.Therefore,it is very important to study pedestrian injuries in traffic accidents.So pedestrians' heads and lower limbs have been widely studied as the most vulnerable body parts in traffic accidents.Therefore,this study analyzed pedestrian head and lower limb injuries comprehensively in typical vehicle-pedestrian collision scenario based on real traffic accident.This paper first downloaded nearly 300 pedestrian accident cases from the Internet,and further screened a total of 200 accident cases that can be used for analysis.The results shown that compared with SUV and MPV,Sedan accounted for 81%of all accidents,and the vehicle speed was mostly concentrated at 20-60km/h,accounting for 88.5%;and the pedestrian walking speed was 3-5km/h and the orientation of pedestrians at three o'clock and nine o'clock accounted for more than half.Meanwhile,analysis of the relative initial impact position of the vehicle to pedestrian accidents showed that the most common impact position located in the middle areas of the vehicle.Finally,this study used a vehicle type of sedan,a speed of 20-60km/h,a pedestrian speed of 3-5km/h,and an impact between the side area of the vehicle and the pedestrian as the typical accident scenario.Secondly,based on the 200 accident cases,a pedestrian accident was further selected for multi-body reconstruction.The reconstruction is completed by comparing the information of the initial impact position of the vehicle and the pedestrian,the kinematic response of the pedestrian in the air after the impact and the injuries.The validity of the multi-body vehicle model is further verified by accident reconstruction.Finally,the simulation matrix design was performed based on the typical scenarios obtained in Chapter 3.At the same time,a total of 180 simulation experiments were carried out based on the multi-body vehicle model verified by accident reconstruction in Chapter 4.The results shown that the severity of head injuries and lower limb injuries caused by vehicles was strongly correlated with vehicle speed,while there was not significance relationship between the vehicle speeds is greater than 30km/h and pedestrian head injuries caused by the ground.In addition,with the increase in pedestrian walking speed and pedestrian size,head injuries caused by the ground and lower limb injuries caused by vehicles have an increasing tendency.