Study On Safety Assessment Of Rain And Flood Disaster In Harbin Based On GIS

Today's cities all over the world,based on the influence of many factors such as the frequent occurrence of natural disasters caused by global warming,the extensive development and utilization of human beings,and the trend of international integration development,lead to the frequent occurrence of rain and flood disasters all over the world,especially the incidence of rain and flood disasters in urban areas is increasing year by year,which is very destructive once it happens It will cause great damage to the country and region,and the loss is extremely heavy,which becomes one of the main factors hindering the urban development at present.The process of social development is speeding up,the improvement of economic level has changed the way of life and habits of human beings at the same time,and the understanding and response of human beings to natural disasters have also changed,gradually using scientific and reasonable technical means and ways to deal with natural disasters.How to prevent and improve the adaptability of the city to the rain and flood disaster through the ecological concept and way is the key point to be considered in the process of urban development.And through the mediation,prevention,control and adaptation of the rain and flood disaster,it can reduce the harm to the urban development,residents' life and property as much as possible.This paper takes nine districts of Harbin as the research object,according to the principle of rain flood disaster,analyzes the current situation of the city,selects the evaluation indexes on the basis of the principle of index selection,constructs the index system of rain flood disaster risk evaluation,calculates the weight coefficient of each evaluation index by AHP,calculates the risk,vulnerability and resistance of the city rain flood disaster capacity analysis,using GIS technology to form the final comprehensive risk analysis chart of rain and flood disaster in Harbin.Through the risk assessment of rain and flood disasters in specific areas,it will help the city government to formulate reasonable disaster prevention policies,help the city effectively reduce the probability of natural disasters,help the city to promote the harmonious ecological environment and the healthy and long-term development of the city,provide theoretical reference for the city development practice,and help to develop more effective disaster prevention technology.Based on the literature review,this paper summarizes the theoretical basis of risk assessment and safety assessment of rain and flood disaster in Harbin.Specifically,there are the theoretical concepts and viewpoints of the basis of rain and flood disaster,the introduction and application of relevant geographic information,technology,system and other aspects in Harbin,and on this basis,the idea of constructing the risk analysis index system of rain and flood disaster in Harbin is put forward,which lays the theoretical basis for the following research work and forms the theoretical framework of this paper.The research of this paper is mainly carried out by two methods of risk analysis and analytic hierarchy process.In the research,the safety evaluation of rain and flood disasters in Harbin is gradually carried out through GIS.At the same time,based on the analysis of the mechanism of rain and flood disasters in Harbin,the risk analysis of rain and flood disasters is carried out,the risk factors of disasters are sorted out,and the causes of rain and flood disasters are analyzed The vulnerability of disaster bearing body and the ability of disaster resistance and reduction.On this basis,AHP is used to analyze the weight of the evaluation factors,and the important influencing factors of the rain flood disaster in Harbin are obtained.Combined with the GIS method,using the spatial analysis ability of GIS,the comprehensive risk assessment map of rain flood disaster in Harbin is obtained.Finally,according to the current situation of urban development in Harbin,combined with the above research results,this paper summarizes the scientific improvement strategies for the protection and planning and construction of the current urban storm flood disaster,provides a reasonable reference for the reduction of the storm flood disaster in Harbin urban area,enriches the theoretical research results,reduces the damage caused by the storm flood disaster to Harbin and its urban residents as much as possible,and improves its disaster resistance and reduction Ability.