| The rapid development of port and port industry has a profound impact on the land use structure and landscape ecology of the port city.Accurately grasp the change characteristics of the landscape pattern of land use in the port area,deeply study the landscape pattern spatio-temporal evolution in the port area,and simulate and predict the change trend of the landscape pattern in the future,which is of great significance for the development of land use planning and industrial layout in the port area.Taking the port area of the west coast of Jiaozhou Bay in Shandong Province as an example,this paper uses RS and GIS technology to establish the land landscape pattern database of four periods from 1990 to 2020,analyzing the spatial expansion of port area and adjacent to the port construction land in the region.This paper analyzes the historical change of land use in this region from the change range,change rate and mutual transfer trend of land landscape area.First,the landscape pattern index change trend is calculated from the patch type level and the landscape level to characterize the overall landscape pattern evolution characteristics of the port area on this basis.Secondly,it analyzes the spatial differentiation characteristics of landscapes in port area based on the legality of moving windows.Thirdly,it deeply analyzes the impact of changes in granularity and amplitude on the regional landscape pattern index,and taps the scale effect of regional landscape pattern analysis.Fourthly,it uses grid-based landscape pattern index calculation to statistically analyze the distribution characteristics of the landscape pattern index of grid samples in the port area,and analyzes the correlation between the spatial expansion process of ports and cities and the change of regional landscape pattern index.Finally,this paper constructs a spatial land landscape pattern prediction model that couples the FLUS model with Markov,and explores the evolution trend of the landscape pattern of the west coast of Jiaozhou Bay under the background of port space expansion 10 years later to guide the rational land use planning and industrial layout of the area.research shows:(1)The spatial expansion of port land and adjacent to the port construction land has a profound impact on the landscape pattern of the west coast of Jiaozhou Bay,that caused a significant reduction in the area of cultivated land,grassland and water in the area,and the landscape advantage gradually disappeared.The area of port land and adjacent to the port construction land has increased significantly,and the port construction land has replaced grassland as the second largest landscape in the region,which has gradually improved the degree of urbanization and port industrial functions.The growth of land in the port mainly comes from reclamation of offshore waters and construction land in some coastal areas,which has caused a certain degree of damage to the marine ecology.The increase in adjacent to the port construction land is mainly occupied by cultivated land and grassland.In the past 10 years,with the strengthening of social environmental awareness,and subject to the development and utilization of the coastline length and land use space in the west coast of Jiaozhou Bay,the expansion of port land and adjacent to the port construction land has tended to slow down.(2)During the study period,the landscape structure of the west coast of Jiaozhou Bay tended to be regular.In the early stage,the degree of landscape dominance and aggregation decreased,the degree of separation and fragmentation gradually increased,and the landscape diversity and uniformity tended to increase.In the later period,the landscape dominance and aggregation degree turned up,the degree of separation and fragmentation tended to be stable or slightly reduced,and the landscape diversity and uniformity tended to decrease.Through analysis of landscape pattern index granularity and amplitude effects,30 m was selected as the optimal granularity in the spatial range of port area.Through analysis of 80 grid samples on the west bank of Jiaozhou Bay,the degree of regional landscape aggregation,diversity and uniformity of distribution have a quadratic curve relationship with the spatial expansion level of Port-city.In the early stage of port-city spatial expansion,with the promotion of port construction and urbanization,the original single natural landscape was gradually destroyed,the connectivity and aggregation degree between patches decreased,and the increase of the proportion of t adjacent to the port construction land led to the increase of the diversity and evenness of the landscape.However,when the space of the port city expands to a higher level,the adjacent to the port construction land gradually becomes the dominant landscape in the region,and the scattered and small-scale construction land gradually merges to form a continuous built-up area.The degree of patch connectivity and aggregation increases,and the landscape distribution tends to be single,which leads to the decline of landscape diversity and distribution uniformity.(3)In the next 10 years,the landscape pattern of land use on the west coast of Jiaozhou Bay has stabilized.The expansion of the port land hardly occupies a new coastline,but has increased a certain land depth to meet the land use needs of the port.Due to the limitation of the terrain and the red line of cultivated land,the growth of adjacent to the port construction land is more concentrated in the integration of small towns and there is no obvious outward expansion.The expansion of port land and adjacent to the port construction land is becoming saturated,so the future transfer of the port and its port industry should be accelerated.With the gradual stabilization of the industrial structure,the west bank of Jiaozhou Bay has shifted from the original rapid development stage to a stable development stage.It is necessary to further increase the intensity of land use and enhance the potential of limited land use. |
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