High-speed Rail's Urban-rural Income Distribution Effect

With the rapid development of my country's economy,people's living standards have changed significantly,and behind this rapid growth,it will inevitably cause the uneven regional economic development and the continued differentiation of the gap between rich and poor.In the process of the widening gap between the rich and the poor,the income gap between urban and rural areas is particularly obvious,and it is also one of the factors that the country must face to achieve economic balance.At the same time,the development speed of high-speed rail in China and the economic effects it generated have attracted the attention of scholars.The emergence of high-speed rail is considered to be an important space policy tool for narrowing the urban-rural income gap and achieving regional coordination,which is of great significance for strengthening regional ties and accelerating the development of space economy.Compared with traditional transportation,high-speed rail not only has the optimization of road network construction,but also has the advantages of large passenger traffic and saving commuting time,which can meet the needs of population mobility.Therefore,this article regards the opening of high-speed rail as an exogenous shock event to study the impact of high-speed rail on the income level of floating population,but are floating populations with different hukou status the same?The difference in household registration status formed by the system is a direct factor influencing the urban-rural income gap.If the high-speed rail can bring migrant workers more income growth than non-migrant workers,this will have an important impact on balancing urban and rural income levels and regional coordination.It is of great significance to coordinated economic development and social progress.First of all,this article starts with a literature review of the economic and distribution effects of transportation infrastructure,summarizes and summarizes the current research status of domestic and foreign scholars on this issue,and digs out the current deficiencies and innovations of related research.In addition,the internal mechanism is analyzed from the perspective of the heterogeneous floating population affecting the urban-rural income gap and income distribution affecting the urban-rural income gap.Secondly,this paper selects the monitoring data of the floating population in 2015 and the data of the high-speed rail operation in all cities in China from 2013 to 2016,and uses a combination of multiple difference models and propensity score matching(PSM)to heterogeneity from different migration rangesand regions.From the aspect of sex,the effect of high-speed rail on urban-rural income gap is studied in depth.Finally,on this basis,we give relevant policy recommendations.The results show that,in general,the opening of the high-speed rail has led to higher income growth for migrant workers than non-migrant workers,thereby reducing the urban-rural income gap.Specifically,migrating to remote areas can promote the growth of laborers 'income levels,but after considering the workers' household registration status,migrant workers choose to move to remote areas,which is not conducive to their income levels;further examine the role of high-speed rail After the effect,it was found that the opening of the high-speed rail can promote the mobile income of laborers.However,the opening of the high-speed rail has a significant negative effect on the income level of migrant workers.The opening of the high-speed rail will play a positive role in narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas and improve the inequality of urban and rural income.From the comparison model of different migration types,it can be seen that high-speed rail is conducive to migrant workers who choose to move to longer distances to obtain higher income levels,and has an important role in reducing the urban-rural income gap.And the order of the effect of their income on the type of migration is:inter-provincial migration,intra-provincial inter-city migration,intra-city inter-county migration.From a regional perspective,the opening of high-speed rail has narrowed the urban-rural income gap as a whole,but there are differences in the effect of high-speed rail on the urban-rural income gap between different regions.The effect of the opening of the high-speed rail on the urban-rural income gap is the most significant in the central region,followed by the east and the west.This is due to the fact that many transportation hubs are covered in the central region and are related to their geographic location,while the economic development of the eastern region and the gap between urban and rural areas are not as obvious as those in the central and western regions.However,the construction of the transportation infrastructure in the western region is relatively backward,and it has not been able to connect well with the high-speed rail network in the eastern and central regions,thereby restricting the equal and effective use of the advantages of the high-speed rail.