Research On Man-machine Function Distribution Allocation Of High-speed Train Speed Control Task

With the increasing automation of high-speed trains,autonomous driving systems will gradually replace the work of train driver.The man-machine function distribution allocation of the joint controller composed of the automatic driving system and the train driver is the key to determine the overall reliability and safety of the system.Therefore,it is necessary to study the man-machine function distribution allocation of high-speed train autonomous operation.This paper constructs a cognitive processing model of highspeed train driver.This model divides the automation level of driving task from the perspective of cognitive structure.According to the model,the man-machine function assignment scheme and information push strategy of speed control task are developed.The effects of different automatization levels in different cognitive stages on the driving performance of high-speed train drivers were verified by human factor experiments.The main work and research results of this paper are as follows:(1)Based on Wickens' information processing model and Skill-Rule-Knowledge model,train driver's situational awareness was regarded as an important link in the information processing process,and a high-speed train driver's cognitive processing model incorporating train driver's situational awareness was constructed.(2)Based on the cognitive processing model of high-speed train drivers,the information processing process of train drivers is divided into three stages: information perception and analysis,decision generation and behavior implementation.The manmachine function of each cognitive stage is divided,and the automatic gradation model of high-speed train operation based on cognitive structure is constructed.(3)This paper analyzes the task of high-speed train operation,selects the speed control task as a typical task,completes the automatic classification of tasks in each stage based on the above classification model,and designs 28 man-machine function allocation schemes corresponding to the speed control task.(4)A simulation experiment system of man-machine function assignment for highspeed train driving task based on driving simulator is designed and implemented.The system can quickly realize the switching of man-machine function allocation scheme and the injection of various emergencies.Using the experimental platform and adopting the orthogonal experiment method,the effects of different man-machine function distribution allocation schemes on the train driver's response time,tracking accuracy,subjective load and situational awareness were studied.Experimental results show that different cognitive stages and different automation levels have significant effects on the performance of speed control tasks,which verifies the correctness of the hierarchical classification model based on cognitive structure.Among them,the change of automation level of decision generation has the greatest impact on the driving performance of train drivers.The middle level of decision automation can not only guarantee the driving status of train drivers,but also significantly reduce human error.The hierarchical classification model proposed in this paper reflects the cognition and decision-making process of the train driver.The division of man-machine functions from the perspective of cognitive structure provides a new path for the intelligent evolution of high-speed train operation control system.The results of this paper can provide useful reference for the design of high-speed railway automatic driving system and other intelligent systems.