Fluid Energy Harvesting And Application Of Electromagnetic-Triboelectric Hybrid Nanogenerator

With the development of microelectronics technology and wireless communication technology,the Internet of Things system has gradually reached every corner of the world.The popularity of the Internet of Things technology also benefits from the reduced power consumption of microelectronic devices,but it is still a challenging task to provide a stable power supply for a large number of IoT sensor networks which is widely distribute.The traditional power supply schemes,such as cables or batteries,cannot meet its needs due to environmental or cost constraints.Realize stable supply of electric energy through new energy collection technologies which utilize energy existing in the environment(such as water energy,solar energy,thermal energy,etc.)is feasible.Triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)has attracted wide attention as a new type of green energy collection technology since it was invented by the research group of Wang Zhonglin.The working principle of triboelectric nanogenerator technology is the contact between different materials cause the transfer of charge and excited a variable electric field,then the electric field force the charge in the drive circuit moves to form a current.TENG have the advantages of low cost,simple structure,and wide range of material sources,and can effectively collect water energy,wind energy,ocean energy,and biological energy.However,TENG also have problems that need to be solved,such as the output performance is easily affected by the environment,the internal resistance is large,and the output current is low.In this thesis,by combining TENG and electromagnetic induction generator,a composite power generation device is designed.In order to achieve higher conversion efficiency to environmental mechanical energy,we discussed the working mechanism of the composite device and simulates the output performance through simulation software.In addition to the optimization of the device structure,a variety of experiments for practical applications have been conducted.The details are as follows:(1)An easily assembled electromagnetic-triboelectric hybrid nanogenerator is constructed.The organic combination of the friction power generation component and the electromagnetic power generation component makes the device have good output performance from low frequency to high frequency range.In the way of accepting external mechanical energy input,a non-contact connection based on magnetic coupling force is utilized,which makes the whole structure easy to install and disassemble,also can be completely sealed.The output performance of the device is improved by 20% by packaging in a dry environment.In order to effectively collect the energy of the water flow in the water pipe,the 3D printed turbine components are connected to the water pipe.Under the water flow rate of 6L/min,the composite generator driven by the turbine can effectively drive the temperature / humidity sensor.By analyzing the output signal,the device can also be used as a self-energy sensor to detect the water flow rate and wind speed.(2)A double rotating speed electromagnetic-triboelectric hybrid nanogenerator is designed.It is mainly composed of multiple cylinders nested up and down,and friction materials,magnets or induction coils are respectively arranged between the cylinders to form two triboelectric nanogenerator units and an electromagnetic induction power generation unit.The nested structure can significantly improve the output power density.When the clockwise and counterclockwise rotating mechanical energy is input to the two ends of the device,the adjacent cylinders will rotate in opposite directions,so that the relative speed of the power generation unit is multiplied.At the rotation speed of 500 rpm,the output power of two TENG unit is 0.5 mW and 2.32 mW respectively,while the output power of the electromagnetic induction power generation unit is 13 mW.In future applications,the composite power generation device could drive the temperature sensor and the water leakage sensor to effectively monitor the pipeline system.In addition,the metal anti-corrosion system built based on the device can effectively slow down the corrosion of metal parts,and it is feasible to apply in the anticorrosion of the pipeline system.