Field Survey On Thermal Comfort And Adaptation Of University Dormitories In Changsha Area

The comfortable dormitory thermal environment is an important condition to ensure students’ healthy living and study.However,the density of college dormitory staff is large and the age distribution is concentrated,which is quite different from other civil and public building types.In addition,the male and female students in universities are strictly separated.The physical structure of male and female students is different,and the living habits and activities are also different.The thermal comfort and thermal adaptation characteristics of male and female students may be different.Therefore,it is necessary to conduct targeted research on the thermal environment,the thermal comfort and thermal adaptation characteristics of college dormitories.And the differences in thermal comfort and thermal adaptation between male and female subjects should be analyzed.In this paper,field survey on summer thermal comfort and adaptation of natural ventilation dormitory in universities in Changsha was carried out.The thermal environment parameters of 289 dormitories in two universities in Changsha were tested.At the same time,437 students in the dormitory were surveyed on the thermal comfort questionnaire.The results indicate that the thermal neutral operating temperature of natural ventilation dormitory is 26.3 ℃ and the acceptable operating temperature range is 24.0 ℃ to 28.7 ℃.With the increase of unit operating temperature,clothing thermal resistance reduced by 0.0197 clo.It shows that summer temperature is high and stable and college students wear less clothing and do not need to adjust their clothes frequently.By using aPMV model,the adaptive coefficient of summer college dormitories in Changsha area is calculated to be 0.5.Based on temperature frequency method and weighted linear fitting method,the adaptive thermal comfort model of the region was established: Tn=0.198To+20.8.In the operating temperature range of 27 ℃ to 32 ℃,the fan usage rate increases sharply with the increase of the operating temperature,and the fan usage rate is maintained above 90% when the operating temperature is higher than 32 ℃.In addition,the differences in thermal comfort and thermal adaptation between male and female subjects were analyzed.The results indicate that men feel warmer than women.The thermal neutral operating temperatures of males and females are 26.3 ℃ and 26.7 ℃,respectively.The acceptable operating temperature ranges for males and females are 23.8 ℃ to 28.7 ℃ and 24.2 ℃ to 29.2 ℃,respectively.Women are more tolerant and adaptable to high temperature environments in summer.The thermal resistance of women’s clothing is greater than that of men.With the increase of unit operating temperature,the clothing thermal resistance of male and femal reduced by 0.0288 clo and 0.0164 clo,respectively.Male are more sensitive to the thermal resistance of clothing.This paper can provide reference for the evaluation and design of thermal environment of college dormitory in hot summer and cold winter area,and provide a basis for thermal comfort research.