Research And Application Of Numerical Simulation Method For Wind Loads Of Container Cranes Based On Wind Tunnel Test

With the large-scale development of container cranes(referred to as "crane"),the sensitivity of its structure to wind loads is continuously enhanced.At present,the value of wind load is mainly determined according to the GB/T3811-2008 " Design Rule for Crane "(referred to as "Rule")in the design stage of the crane.However,the existing Rule has been difficult to meet the design requirements of the crane at this stage.In some cases,wind tunnel tests are needed to assist the design,but the wind tunnel test takes a long time and costs.Therefore,it has become an urgent need of crane design enterprises to explore a new method to simulate the wind farm environment of the crane to replace the wind tunnel test.At the same time,supplementing and improving the existing Rule is also an urgent problem to be solved by the crane design.This paper takes the crane designed by Shanghai Zhenhua Heavy Industry Co.,Ltd.(ZPMC)as the research object.Wind tunnel test and numerical simulation method are used to analyze the wind load of the crane.The reliability of numerical simulation method is studied by comparing the results of the two methods.The wind coefficient of typical components of the crane and the load of the crane under the combined action of wind and rain are analyzed by numerical simulation.The specific research content is as follows:(1)Through the wind tunnel test of the crane,the three-component force coefficients of the crane under different working conditions are obtained,which provides test data for the evaluation of numerical simulation results.The effects of wind direction angle,trolley position,wind field environment and the state of the boom on the wind load of the crane are analyzed through the test results.(2)Select five turbulence models commonly used in the engineering field: Standard k-ε,RNG k-ε,Realizable k-ε,Standard k-ω and SST k-ω,and carry out numerical simulation calculation on the wind field of the crane.And combine with the wind tunnel test data comprehensively analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of five turbulence models from the aspects of accuracy and convergence.And using numerical simulation analyzes the Reynolds number effect of the crane model and the wind pressure distribution and the flow field characteristics on the surface of the crane.Finally summarizes the concrete scheme of numerical simulation of wind load of crane.(3)The wind coefficient of the boom section of the crane is studied by numerical simulation method.The two-dimensional wind field of the cross-section is simulated and compared with the rectangular cross-section,and the difference of wind coefficients between the two cross-sections is analyzed.The wind field of the threedimensional column of the boom section is analyzed,and obtain the wind coefficients of the three-dimensional column,which provides a reference for the modification and supplement of the wind coefficients in the existing Rule.(4)Based on the discrete phase theory and the numerical simulation of wind field of the crane,raindrops are added to simulate the phenomenon of wind-driven rain of the crane.The trajectories of raindrops with different diameters and the number of raindrops impacting on the metal structure surface of the crane are obtained.The impact force of raindrops on the crane is calculated.The results show that the impact load of raindrops on the crane is very small and can be neglected.