Research On Key Algorithms And Technologies Of Blockchain For Distributed Energy Trading Scenarios

In recent years,with the rapid development of distributed energy and the deeply reform of the national grid,the speed of the construction of power spot market has accelerated significantly.With the large-scale construction of the spot market,a large amount of participants will be involved,but the traditional centralized power trading system,because of its high operation and maintenance costs,is unable to effectively match source and load.In addition,the centralized power trading system is easily to become a single point of the failure system,so it can no longer adapt to the future development of distributed power markets.In the distributed power trading market,due to the large number of participants and the lack of trust,higher requirements are placed on the fairness,privacy and traceability of the trading market.Therefore,how to build an efficient,transparent,safe and reliable trading system is an urgent problem in the development of distributed power market.In terms of technological development,with the rapid development of the Internet of Energy(IOE),the integration of energy flow,information flow and financial flow is the clear trend.Blockchain is a data structure based on cryptographic algorithms,through a consensus algorithm and P2 P network,to organize and maintain large amounts of data in a decentralized way.It has the characteristics of decentralization,collaborative complementarity,open interconnection,non-tampering,transparent transactions and convenient traceability.It is consistent with the features of distributed energy trading model such as subject equivalence,intelligent mutual trust,transaction transparency,and information sharing.Applying blockchain-related technologies to the IOE can greatly promote the development of the energy internet.Existing domestic and foreign researches on energy blockchain mostly focus on implementing distributed energy trading through smart contracts of open source blockchain platforms such as Ethereum.Traditional open source blockchain platforms are mostly focused on the financial field,and do not exactly match the distributed energy transactions.Therefore,this paper proposes a blockchain system that improves the traditional blockchain-related data structures and algorithms for the characteristics of distributed energy transactions.The work done in this article mainly includes the following aspects:1.Analyze the current status of research and the existing project about energy blockchain at home and abroad,and discuss the trend of energy blockchain based on the above research.Introduce the key data structures and algorithm characteristics of traditional blockchain,and analyze their applicability in energy trading.By comparing the existing open source blockchain platforms and their shortcomings in energy trading scenarios,combined with the characteristics of distributed energy in China,the design requirements for blockchain technology which suitable for distributed energy trading scenarios are proposed.2.In view of the characteristics of distributed energy transactions,propose improvements to the traditional blockchain data structure and algorithms,including layered transaction methods based on geographic location,block generation and verification methods based on hotspot accounts,transaction packaging based on concurrent merkel tree,block storage and retrieval method based on consistent hashing,and account state storage scheme based on linked list,and analyze their theoretical validity.3.Design the overall architecture of the blockchain system which suitable for energy trading,and discuss the implementation plan of each layer from the bottom up.Give the key class design methods through the design pattern,and analyze the key problems to give the solution.For distributed energy transactions,analyze its architecture and key smart contract design schemes.4.Compare the blockchain system implemented in this paper with traditional centralized systems and traditional alliance chain systems by using the viture environment,and discuss their advantages in transaction throughput,storage space occupation,and fault tolerance.