Study On The Injury Response Difference Of Occupants With Different Characteristics In Vehicle Frontal Impact

Female occupants,short occupants,elderly occupants and other vulnerable occupants often have a higher risk of casualties in car crashes.However,China's regulations use Hybrid III male 50 th percentile mechanical dummies as injury measurement tools when evaluating the safety of frontal impact.Not only does it not accurately reflect the true situation of the corresponding percentile population of Chinese occupants,but also ignore the diversity of body size of drivers in actual road traffic accidents,the occupant restraint system developed based on this cannot achieve good protection for the Chinese human body.In recent years,China's aging population and obesity are becoming more and more serious,which has brought greater challenges to the protection performance of the existing occupant restraint system on the human body.It is imperative to develop an intelligent occupant restraint system which can accurately identify the occupant's signs and actively adjust the parameters of the restraint system.However,the research and design of the intelligent restraint system needs to fully consider the dynamic response and injury differences of occupants with different signs during the collision process.And the traditional occupant injury evaluation tools cannot meet this requirement.The emergence of the concept of parametric finite element human model has made it possible to study the impact simulation of multi-sign occupants.In order to study the influence of Chinese human body characteristics on occupant injury during impact and improve the protection of vulnerable occupants,this paper uses parametric human models to carry out a series of frontal impact simulation analyses.In this paper,by analyzing the distribution of human body parameters in the Chinese population,the Latin hypercube sampling method is used to design a parameter matrix that can widely represent the characteristics of the Chinese population,and then generate 100 human finite element models with corresponding characteristic parameters which can be used in impact simulation.After verifying the occupant restraint system of a mass-produced vehicle,the multi-sign occupant frontal impact simulations were carried out and the dynamic response and injury risk analysis were carried out.The results of the study show that the characteristic parameters of human body have different influence on the injury risk in different parts of occupants,elderly and short female occupants are at higher risk of injury during the impact.When considering the differences in the distribution of human body characteristic parameters among the Chinese and American populations,the risk of injury for male occupants in the American population is higher than that in the Chinese population.Finally,in order to further study the degree of protection of Chinese human body in collision,this paper conducted a simulation analysis on the Hybrid III 50 th percentile dummy model,GHBMC 50 th percentile human body model and Chinese 50 th percentile human body model under the same impact conditions.The results show that neither Hybrid III dummy nor GHBMC human model can well evaluate the injury situation of Chinese 50 th percentile human body.Compared to the Chinese 50 th percentile human body model,the Hybrid III 50 th percentile dummy model has a higher risk of neck and chest injury,while the GHBMC 50 th percentile human body has a lower risk of thigh injury.The constrained system designed and optimized according to the existing occupant injury assessment tools cannot provide Chinese 50 th percentile human body with optimal protection.This paper reveals the effects of human body parameters on the injury response of Chinese occupants and considers the differences in the injury of occupants by considering the distribution of Chinese and American population characteristic parameters,and provides important reference for the development and design of intelligent restraint system.Analyzing the limitations of two existing occupant injury assessment tools for evaluating restraint systems designed to protect Chinese human body,provides theoretical basis and tool support for the research of injury evaluation methods suitable for Chinese human body.