The Research Of Large Dynamic Wireless Energy Collection Technology

With the popularization of wireless sensors and the Internet of Things,space electromagnetic energy collection technology has received more and more attention as a convenient and intelligent new power supply method.The concept of electromagnetic energy collection was first applied to improve the utilization rate of space solar energy,Space solar energy is collected by satellites and transmitted wirelessly to the earth over long distances by electromagnetic signals.Of course,the technology was also applied to the wireless power supply of sensors and drone energy drive.Microwave energy collection technology can solve many shortcomings of wired energy transmission,achieve smarter and more convenient sustainable energy transmission,and have a substantial breakthrough in solving many practical problems.The receiving antenna and rectifier circuit are the most critical research parts in microwave energy harvesting system.In this paper,a rectifier circuit and receiving antenna that can achieve high-efficiency energy collection in a large dynamic range are studied and designed based on the researches of domestic and foreign related literatures of microwave energy collection,while ensuring the miniaturization,and high energy collection efficiency,the main research and innovation are as follows:1)The principle of diode-based rectification and its relationship with input power are studied.Based on the X-band,a variety of diodes were selected to use parallel rectification and series rectification circuit structures to simulate and process real objects.The relevant theory was verified based on the actual measurement results,and appropriate diode models and rectifier circuit structures were selected.2)In order to achieve a large dynamic range rectification effect,especially in the case of high input power to ensure that the rectifier tube is not destroyed and has a good rectification efficiency.Studying on the feasibility of using four rectifiers in series,parallel,and other innovative combinations for rectifier circuits, and the rectification effect of large dynamic range is verified according to the relevant simulation results and the actual measurement results.3)Research the structure of loading the directional coupler at the front of the rectifier circuit to achieve the rectification effect with large dynamic range.The X-band directional coupler was designed and processed by simulation.The rectification effect of the rectifier circuit after loading the directional coupler structure was verified based on the measured results.Theoretical analysis and simulation of a directional coupler with impedance bands for dual-band operation are carried.4)Finally,a highly sensitive circularly polarized antenna is designed and used as the receiving antenna of the rectifier circuit,the multi-layer board lamination method is used to integrate the rectifier circuit and the receiving antenna to achieve the miniaturization of the rectifier antenna.The rectifier antenna of this structure can be assembled and integrated with small power terminals without occupying too much space,which meets the actual application requirements.